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Published byKathlyn Lewis Modified over 9 years ago
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SUPPORTING SLIDES
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Rigid and Flexible Assumption
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Quick Release Mechanism
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Load Cell Zero load 250 lb 500 lb Full load
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Load cell connection
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Lvdt and Dial gage
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Cable and load cell
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Typical LVDT Record
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Typical Accelerometer Record
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New Mix: G1 Series
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New Mix: G2 Series
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More cylinders: E C,ASTM Specimen E C,ASTM (ksi) G1-33200 G1-73400 G1-143200 G1-283750 G2-33650 G2-73600 G2-143600 G2-283950 32
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Compressometer Compressometer: ELE International Dial gage: Federal: Model C2I (0.0001 in) Machine: Forney Model F-60C-DFM/1 Year 1999
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Stresses in Free Vibration Test
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Stresses in Free-Vibration Tests
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Idealized Stress vs Strain
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α for E c = 3800 ksi α Exterior Frames Interior Frames 0.850.9 2D Frame AnalysisProperty Testing Direction N-SE-W f (Hz) 2.091.98 k (kips/in) 9685 2.091.98 8679
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3D Model with Ec= 5000 ksi Property Testing Direction N-SE-W f (Hz) 2.001.95 k (kips/in) 8479 2.091.98 86 79
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Assumption details f and k for E c = 3800 ksi Assumption Testing Direction f N-S (Hz) f E-W (Hz) Thin Plate 1.601.55 Thick Plate 1.751.70 Assumption Testing Direction k N-S (kips/in) k E-W (kips/in) Thin Plate 5150 Thick Plate 6461 Error= 15-25% Error= 20-40%
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Assumption details f and k for E c 50% Larger Assumption Testing Direction f N-S (Hz) f E-W (Hz) Thin Plate 1.951.90 Thick Plate 2.152.10 Assumption Testing Direction k N-S (kips/in) k E-W (kips/in) Thin Plate 7775 Thick Plate 9692 Error= 3-7% Error= 4-18%
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Stresses in the pluck-test Total Weight: 440 kips Stresses at the the columns: 440/(6*18*18)=225 psi Stresses due to lateral load (2 kips): 40 psi Total stresses: 265 psi Stress/fc’ ≈ 0.06 (1/15)
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Mass Calculation Plain Concrete: 142 lb/ft 3 MATERIALS Steel: 490 lb/ft 3 COLUMNS PLATES
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SAP2000 Thin Plate Vs. Thick Plate Even for thin-plate bending problems where shearing deformations are truly negligible, the thick-plate formulation tends to be more accurate, although somewhat stiffer, than the thin-plate formulation. However, the accuracy of the thick-plate formulation is more sensitive to large aspect ratios and mesh distortion than is the thin-plate formulation. “Shearing deformations tend to be important when the thickness is greater than about one-tenth to one-fifth of the span. They can also be quite significant in the vicinity of bending-stress concentrations, such as near sudden changes in thickness or support conditions, and near holes or re-entrant corners. It is generally recommended that you use the thick-plate formulation unless you are using a distorted mesh and you know that shearing deformations will be small, or unless you are trying to match a theoretical thin-plate solution”. SAP2000 Analysis Reference
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Cracks on the building
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UCLA Flat-Plate Structure
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Frequency α=0.5 α=1 f 1 (Hz) 4.75.3 f 2 (Hz) 1921 4.3 17.5 4.3 17.5 9% 23% 8% 20%
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Modified Compressometer
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