1. Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic Acids  Nomenclature  Properties  Preparation reactions  Typical reactions  Spectroscopy

2. Nomenclature Nomenclature Carboxylic acids Carboxylic acids »IUPAC »Common Acid derivatives Acid derivatives »IUPAC »Common

3. RCOOH Preparation Reactions  Oxidation of Primary Alcohols  Oxidation of Aldehydes  Oxidation of Substituted Aromatics  Carbonation of Grignard reagents  Hydrolysis of Acid derivatives and Nitriles  Haloform reaction  Periodic acid Cleavage of Vicinal Dials/Diketones  Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes/Alkynes

4. Carboxylic Acids via Oxidation Carboxylic Acids via Oxidation u From Primary Alcohols u From Aldehydes u From Substituted Aromatics

5. Carbonation of Grignard Reagents

6. Hydrolysis of Acid Derivatives and Nitriles

7. Haloform Reaction Cleavage of methyl carbinols Cleavage of methyl carbonyls

8. Periodic Acid Cleavage of Vicinal Dials/Diketones

9. Oxidative Cleavage Reactions Oxidative Cleavage Reactions  Alkene Cleavage  Hot Potassium Permanganate  Alkyne Cleavage  Hot Potassium Permanganate  Ozonolysis  Alkene Cleavage  Hot Potassium Permanganate  Alkyne Cleavage  Hot Potassium Permanganate  Ozonolysis

10. Typical RCOOH reactions Typical RCOOH reactions   Conversion to carboxylate salts   Conversion to acid halides   Conversion to esters   Conversion to amides   Conversion to anhydrides   Reduction to alcohols   Decarboxylation

11. Carboxylates from Carboxylic Acids Carboxylates from Carboxylic Acids v Reaction with Active Metals v Reaction with Strong Base v Reaction with Weak Base

12. Acid Chlorides from RCOOH Acid Chlorides from RCOOH  Reaction with Thionyl Chloride  Reaction with Phosphorus Trichloride  Reaction with Phosphorus Pentachloride

13. Ester Formation Ester Formation  From Carboxylic Acids with ROH via mineral acid catalysis via the use of diazomethane  From Acid Chlorides  From Acid Anhydrides

14. Amide Formation Amide Formation  Direct Conversion of Acids to Amides  From Acid Chlorides  From Acid Anhydrides  From Esters

15. Acid Anhydride Formation Acid Anhydride Formation  Via Dehydration of Carboxylic Acids  Via Reaction of RCOCl with RCOOH  Via Reaction of RCOCl with RCOONa

16. Formation of Cyclic Anhydrides Formation of Cyclic Anhydrides

17. Reduction of Carboxylic Acids  Lithium Aluminum Hydride reduction  Diborane reduction

18. Decarboxylation of RCOOH   Thermolysis of beta-diacids   Thermolysis of beta-keto acids

19. Spectroscopy InfraredPmrCmr