1. Aim: How can we describe the neutralization reaction? Do Now: 1.Take out a calculator and reference tables. 2.Which of the following will react with an acid in a single replacement reaction? Zn, Au, Na, Co 3. Assuming the acid is HCl, write the complete reaction(s) from your answer to number 2 showing the reactants and their products.

2. Answer to Do Now

3. What happens when an acid reacts with a base? When an acid reacts with a base, a salt and water is produced. This type of reaction is called a neutralization reaction. Example: KOH + HCl  H 2 O + HOH Which is the acid? Which is the base? Which is the salt?

4. Writing Ionic Formulas Consider the reaction between HCl and NaOH: HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq)  H 2 O (l) +NaCl (l) How would this formula look if we were to write the ions involved? Which ions are present on both sides? These are called spectator ions. If we take out the spectator ions, the remaining part of the formula is called a net ionic equation. The net ionic equation from this formula looks like:

5. Another way to write this formula… H + (aq) + OH - (aq)  H 2 O (l) Because hydrogen ions exist in solution as H 3 O +, this equation can also be written as H 3 O + (aq) + OH - (aq)  2H 2 O (l) All neutralization reaction will have the same net equation. This is because during neutralization the spectator ions will form a salt.

6. Practice writing neutralization reactions Write the equation for the neutralization reaction between dilute nitric acid and potassium hydroxide. (Remember this is a neutralization! We must form a salt and water)

7. What if we are using diprotic acids and dihydroxy bases? How many H+ and OH- ions will be if the equation involves diprotic acids and dihydroxy bases? How many water molecules will be made by these ions? Example: Ca(OH) 2 + H 2 SO 4  2H 2 O + CaSO 4 What if we have an unbalanced equation? Example: Mg(OH) 2 + HCl  H 2 O + MgCl 2

8. How will we know the amount of acid or base to use in a neutralization reaction? The amount of moles or mass of the substances should be the same between an acid and a base in a neutralization reaction. Example: A water solution contains 0.5 mol of HCl. How much NaOH should be added to the HCl solution to exactly neutralize it?

9. Activity/ Homework Activity – Complete the questions on the back of the sheet. Homework – Review Book Pages 181-182 # 17-32 odd OR even, #34-37, #38 and 39 (pick 3 from each)