2. Review Quiz and Introduction to Acids/Bases/pH Scale

3. Review 1. What is an ion? 1. An ion is an atom that has lost or gained an electron 2. What is a chemical reaction? Click Here to See a Chemical Reaction Click Here to See a Chemical ReactionClick Here to See a Chemical Reaction 2. A chemical reaction is the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances 3. What is a cation? 3. A cation is a positively charged ion 4. What is a Chemical Equation 4. A shorthand of a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and symbols Ex: C+O 2  CO 2 reactants products 5. What is an anion 5. An anion is a negatively charged ion

4. Need extra help? Go to Chemistry tutorials at http://www.wwnorton.com/chemistry/home.htm Go to Chemistry tutorials at http://www.wwnorton.com/chemistry/home.htm http://www.wwnorton.com/chemistry/home.htm http://www.wwnorton.com/chemistry/home.htm Go to the online text at http://my.hrw.com Go to the online text at http://my.hrw.comhttp://my.hrw.com Go to the class website at www.classhomework.com Go to the class website at www.classhomework.com www.classhomework.com Back Back

6. Acids Reaction: þ Produce H + (as H 3 O + ) ions in water Produce H + (as H 3 O + ) ions in water Produce H + (as H 3 O + ) ions in water Acids contain H + cations, that react with metals and produce H gas. Acids contain H + cations, that react with metals and produce H gas. HCl + Na = NaCl + H (g) HCl + Na = NaCl + H (g) Acid + Metal = Product + H Gas Acid + Metal = Product + H Gas

7. Acids Properties: Acids taste sour. Acids turn Litmus paper REDLitmus paper þ Corrode metals þ React with bases to form salts and water

8. Bases Reaction: Bases contain an OH - anion, that react with acids, producing liquid H 2 O. Bases contain an OH - anion, that react with acids, producing liquid H 2 O. HCl + NaOH = H 2 O + NaCl HCl + NaOH = H 2 O + NaCl Acid + Base = Water + Product Acid + Base = Water + Product See movie (on hardrive) on the Internet movieInternetmovieInternet

9. Bases Properties: Bases taste bitter. Bases feel slippery. Bases turn Litmus paper BLUE.Litmus paper Produce OH - ions in water Taste bitter, chalky Are electrolytes React with acids to form salts and water

10. Check for Understanding Post your answers on the class newsgroup. class newsgroup.class newsgroup. Describe the solution in each of the following as: 1) acid 2) base or 3)neutral. A. ___soda B. ___soap B. ___soap C. ___coffee D. ___ wine E. ___ water F. ___ grapefruit F. ___ grapefruit

11. Check for Understanding Answers: Describe each solution as: 1) acid 2) base or 3) neutral. A. _1_ soda B. _2_ soap B. _2_ soap C. _1_ coffee D. _1_ wine E. _3_ water F. _1_ grapefruit Need Help  F. _1_ grapefruit Need Help 

12. Common Acids & Bases Acids: HCl HCl In your tummy! Human Digestive Acid In your tummy! Human Digestive Acid C 6 H 8 O 7 C 6 H 8 O 7 Citric Acid (Lemon) Citric Acid (Lemon) C 2 H 4 O 2 C 2 H 4 O 2 Acetic Acid/Vinegar Acetic Acid/Vinegar Bases: NaOH Cleaners, soap, Drano, and Hominy KOH Fertilizer Mg(OH) 2 Stomach medicine, Milk of Magnesia

13. Common Acids & Bases

14. pH scale pH scale The pH scale orders acids and bases.

16. Great Resource: Help and explanations can be found at http://www.school-for- champions.com/science/chemacids.htm Help and explanations can be found at http://www.school-for- champions.com/science/chemacids.htm http://www.school-for- champions.com/science/chemacids.htm http://www.school-for- champions.com/science/chemacids.htm