1. Neutralization Reaction
Base and acid react to produce a salt and water

2. Titration
A lab technique where a neutralization reaction is preformed to determine the concentration of an unknown.

3. The anatomy of a titration:
Standard solution - solution of known concentration.
End Point - the point at which neutralization is achieved
Indicator - chemical that changes
color with a change in pH.
We will be using phenolphthalein.
Clear in an acid pink in a base
You want a light pink
Buret - Measurement device

5. Titration Calculations 4 steps
Start with the balanced equation
Find the moles in the standard solution
Set up ratio to find moles of unknown
Find molarity(mol/L) or volume

6. Titration Calculations example problem
A ml solution of H2SO4 is neutralized by ml of 1.0 M NaOH. What is the concentration of H2SO4?
H2SO NaOH --> Na2SO H2O
L NaOH 1.0 mol NaOH 1 mol H2SO4
1 L NaOH mol NaOH L H2SO4
= 0.35 mol/L H2SO4

7. Titration Problems your turn
What is the molarity of phosphoric acid if 15.0 mL of the solution is neutralized by 8.5 mL of 0.15 M NaOH?
H3PO NaOH --> Na3PO H2O
L NaOH mol NaOH 1 mol H3PO4
1 L NaOH mol NaOH L H3PO4
= mol/L H3PO4

8. Titration Problems 1 more your turn
How many milliliters of 0.45 M hydrochloric acid must be added to 25.0 mL of 0.15 M NaOH?
HCl + NaOH --> NaCl + H2O
L NaOH mol NaOH 1 mol HCl L HCl mL
1 L NaOH mol NaOH mol HCl 1L
= 8.3 mL HCl