1. Chapter 14

2. The Seven Wonders Selected by the Ancient Greeks When the ancient Greeks decided to select seven wonders from the many ________________________structures that had been _______________________throughout ______________________, there was a lot of argument about which structures to select. Over the years, many different ______________were created. Finally, a list was presented that most _____________ agreed included the seven most ___________________ wonders, each a unique ________________________.

3. Visit the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Great Pyramid at Giza Hanging Gardens of Babylon Statue of Zeus at Olympia Temple of Artemis at Ephesus Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Colossus of Rhodes Lighthouse at Alexandria

4. The Great Pyramid of Giza is about __________ years old, and is the only ancient wonder _____________________________. #1. The Great Pyramid of Giza Until the early 1800's, the Great Pyramid at Giza was the __________________ building in the world! The Great pyramid was made by ____________ It is nearly _____ feet long, __________ feet high. It was built with over _______ million of blocks of ___________. The average weight of each stone is about __________ pounds - around the same weight as a ____________

5. There was little argument that the Hanging Gardens of Babylon would be included as a world wonder. It was on nearly everyone’s list. #2. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon The thought of a huge and magnificent garden, towering _______ feet above the _____________________, appealed to the Greeks sense of the incredible. The Hanging Gardens were supposedly built around _________, along the banks of the ________________________ in Babylon (modern-day ____________________).

6. Constructed inside the palace walls, the gardens were built in a series of __________________, or _______________, that created a structure _____________ feet long, __________ feet wide, and __________ feet high! Wandering ____________ and a series of __________ connected the various levels. The gardens were a wonderland of greenery, flowering plants, and _____________________. That alone would have greatly impressed the ancient Greeks. But a love story was attached to the gardens that made them even more interesting. It was rumored that the King _____________________________, ordered the gardens built to honor his __________________.

7. The queen was homesick for her land in the ________________. The gardens were designed by the king to make his queen feel loved and welcomed in her new land of ___________________ No one knows if the love story behind the Hanging Gardens of Babylon is true. But it was a great story, and the Greeks loved stories, especially stories about war and love.

8. There was absolutely no argument about the Statue of Zeus. It was a world wonder – everyone knew that! # 3. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia Zeus was the __________ of the ancient Greek _______. ________________ was the city that hosted the Ancient Greek ________________________. The statue could have been the size of a peanut, and still the Ancient Greeks would have selected it. But it truly was a magnificent structure. The Temple of Zeus was completed in __________________. It was built in Olympia to honor Zeus and the Greek Olympic Games.

9. Like the _______________ and the Temple _________________, _______________ columns were used to support the structure. Today, ___________ remains of the temple or the once magnificent Statue of Zeus within it. But the spirit of the Olympic Games lives on!

10. The Temple of Artemis was first built around ________________ in the ancient Greek city of Ephesus, on the coast of what is now modern day _______________________ #4. The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus The temple was _________________ and _____________ several times. Each time, it was rebuilt more impressively than the temple before it. The first temple was destroyed around _________________in a war. Years later, the temple was ___________________by a man who wanted to be remembered _____________________. The town created a law that said anyone who mentioned his name would be __________________________ immediately.

11. The temple was under construction (again) when some years later _______________________________visited the town. Alexander had seen many beautiful buildings in his travels, but this temple was so beautiful that it impressed even Alexander the Great! The town did not want to do that, but they did thank Alexander very nicely. Alexander offered to give the town enough ________________ to finishing building it if the townspeople would put his name on it. In Alexander’s time, the ornately decorated temple was ________ feet long, _________ feet wide, and ________ feet high. ___________columns supported the roof.

12. A constant stream of visitors came to see the temple. The townspeople built _____________ around the temple. Some shops sold little ________________ of the temple for tourists to take home. The city of Ephesus boomed for a while. But it did not last. The temple was destroyed (again) around ____________ by the ___________. This time, it was not rebuilt. Construction ___________ had increased considerably. There was ___________ enough money in the town treasury to rebuild the temple to its former magnificence. The remaining pieces slowly ____________ in the ___________ field until the ruin ___________________ from sight altogether.

13. Hundreds of years later, in the 1800's, the _____________________sent a team to search for the fabled Temple of Artemis. No one had any idea where the temple used to stand. Short of digging up the whole town and the surrounding countryside, the first team found themselves rather stuck. Another team, sent out a few years later, dug up the remains of ________ temples, one built on top of the other. They believed they had found the Temple of Artemis! Today, all that remains of this incredible structure is a _______________________________ in the middle of a marshy field that marks the spot where the Temple once stood.

14. King Mausolus was a ruler of a small kingdom in ______________________. He was married to ______________, who loved him dearly. #5. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus When the king died, his wife decided to build her husband the most magnificent ______________ in the world. It was so splendid that the Greeks selected the tomb to be one of the seven wonders of the world.

15. Rhodes is an ________________ in the ______________________ Sea. Once, it was part of ancient Greece. #6. The Colossus of Rhodes ________________________________ conquered Rhodes. When Alexander died, his generals fought for control of the island. Rhodes was perfectly situated to be a crossroads of ________________. The people of Rhodes _________support one of the generals. But that general won control of _____________. Another general gained control of Rhodes. To ________________ the people for _________ supporting him, he sent his son to _________________ Rhodes.

16. Help arrived from _______________! The general they had supported sent troops from Egypt to help the people of Rhodes drive the son away. With Egypt ’ s help, the people won! With joy, they melted down the _______________________ and _______________________ left behind by the son, and used it to build a giant statue of their patron god ___________________, to thank Helios for helping them save their city. The statue was _______________ feet high and stood on a ________ foot base. Each morning, the sun glittered off the bronze plates that covered the statue. It was quite a sight! Only _________ years after the statue was built, it was toppled by an ________________________. Many pieces fell into the ____________. Some pieces remained on land, including the statue ’ s _______________.

17. People traveled great distances to see the huge thumb. They tried to put their arms around it. The thumb was bigger than their arms could stretch. The king of Egypt offered _____________ to rebuild the statue. But the people of Rhodes said no. They believed their god Helios was unhappy with the statue, and had tossed it down in a fit of anger. They left it alone. Many years later, around ____________, _____________ traders finally removed the remains of the Colossus to use as ___________________. Legend says... it took _____________ camels to ferry the pieces home. Although the Colossus is no longer in existence, another famous work of art, inspired by the Colossus, is still standing. It is called The _______________________!

18. Nearly all the Greeks agreed that the Lighthouse should be included as one of the wonders of the world. #7. The Lighthouse at Alexandria It was built around _____________ on the Island of ___________ in the harbor of ______________________, _____________ It was a __________________ lighthouse that helped ships find their way safely into harbor. It was also a tourist attraction. In ancient times, visitors could buy ________________ at the observation platform on the _______________level.

19. Anyone who wished to do could climb nearly to the top. There were not many places in the ancient world that visitors could climb a ________________ structure, ___________ feet up, to view the sea. The Lighthouse at Alexandria stood for over __________ years. Scientists believe an _______________ topped the Lighthouse during the ______ century ______, about _________ years before Columbus discovered America!