2.  Censorship- restricting access to information or ideas  Salons- social gatherings of artists and writers  Middle class and nobility  Enlightened despot – an absolute ruler who embraced enlightenment ideas  Baroque was grand and complex; rococo was simple and personal

3.  Novels were used to spread enlightenment ideas to avoid censorship and to propose changes through stories  Most people were peasants  The majority of the people were not affected by the Enlightenment  Peasants in Western Europe were no longer serfs. Some rented or owned land. They could be hired as day laborers.  No changes for the peasants in Eastern Europe. Still serfs; they could be sold with the land; they owed labor to the lords; some were forced to serve as soldiers.

4.  Geography, success in war, a favorable business climate, union with Scotland, and control over Ireland  Constitutional government – a government whose power is defined and limited by law  Cabinet- parliamentary advisors to the king  Prime Minister – head of the cabinet  Britain was not a democracy; it was an oligarchy

5.  Oligarchy- a government in which the ruling power belongs to a few people  Most people were making their living off of the land  King George III’s three goals were to end Whig domination, choose his own ministers, and dissolve the cabinet system  The cabinet, led by the prime minister, regained control of the government in Britain after its loss in the American Revolution  Prime Minister became the real political leader

6.  Popular sovereignty – power of the government comes from the consent of the people  Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence  John Locke’s ideas are clearly reflected in the Declaration of Independence  John Locke’s, Montesquieu’s, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ideas are clearly reflected in the Constitution  Federal republic – government whose power is split between national and local levels.