1. Discovering Alabama Created By Jessica Dennis 4 th Grade Hamilton Elementary

2. Bell Ringer Which of the following is not something an archaeologist would not study? a.Dinosaurs b.Spears c.Arrows d.Ancient buildings 2

3. Essential Question What were the reasons for European exploration? What was the impact of Europeans on the health of Native Americans? What are the reasons for conflicts between Europeans and Native Americans in Alabama? 3

4. Essential Vocabulary navigator conquistador cartographer melding 4 Which navigator do you think the book means?

5. 5 Discovering Alabama Explorers called America the “New World”. Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus discovered the “New World” first in 1492, but they didn’t name it after him.him After an explorer, named Amerigo Vespucci, discovered it in 1499, cartographers, or map makers, named it America in his honor. Use your Forecasting #1 Talent to think of reasons why they would call it the New World. How many years later did Amerigo discover the “New World”?

6. The Spanish Alonzo de Pineda Was a conquistador, or a Spanish explorer. In 1519 he entered Mobile Bay with four ships. He saw Indian villages and a deep river flowing into the bay. 6

7. The Spanish Panfilo de Narveaz was a conquistador, or a Spanish explorer also. The conquistador, Panfilo de Pineda, set sail for Florida in 1528 with six hundred men. One of his men, Juan Ortiz, was captured and lived with the Indians for years. 7 Many of his boats sank and over half of his men died. Use your Communication #2 Talent to generate m, v, single words to describe how Juan Ortiz felt when he was captured by the Indians. 200 How many are left if half of his men died?

8. The Spanish in Alabama The Spanish were mean to the Indians and the Indians were forced to be their servants. 8 Horses were new sights for the Indians and they were afraid of the horses

9. The Spanish came to the “New World” in search of gold and silver. They found it in Mexico and South America, but not in Alabama. We know all this information because of the journals of Hernando de Soto from his expedition. Alabama’s history begins with de Soto’s journals… The Spanish 9

10. Three Cultures in Alabama Alabama was influenced by Europeans, or people from Europe, Africans, and the Indian culture. These three cultures, were melding, or combining together, into one large culture. 10

11. Exit Slip 1.When did Columbus discover the New World? 2. Who was Amerigo Vespucci? 3. Why did the Spanish come to the New World? 11

12. Discovering Alabama II Created By Jessica Dennis Hamilton Elementary School 4 th Grade

13. Bell Ringer Who was the Spanish explorer that cartographers named America after? a.Christopher Columbus b.Alonzo de Pineda c.Amerigo Vespucci d.Panfilo de Narvaez

14. Essential Question What are the reasons for conflicts between Europeans and Native Americans in Alabama? What was the impact of Europeans on the health of Native Americans? 14

15. Essential Vocabulary immortal devastating 15 tuberculosis immunity

16. Hernando de Soto The Spanish Governor of Cuba He organized a large group of men and boats to explore La Florida. He brought many things with him including pigs. Ortiz could speak Indian languages so he became de Soto’s interpreter. 16 What state do you think “La Florida” is? Why would de Soto need an interpreter? Hernando de Soto Juan de Ortiz When de Soto arrived in Florida, he saved Juan de Ortiz. (Remember him from earlier?) Use your Productive Thinking Talent to generate m, v, u, items you would bring with you to explore the New World.

17. Hernando de Soto De Soto’s trip across the Southeast is called the entrada, or entrance. 17 Why do you think it’s called the “entrance”? What states did de Soto travel through? What do you call this symbol? Mobile! What do you think de Soto was looking for? He was looking for gold and silver. What states did he travel through? He never found it. But he did find pearls!

18. Hernando de Soto Marches On De Soto was not discouraged! He kept on exploring until he met Chief Tuskaloosa. Chief Tuskaloosa’s name meant “Black Warrior” in Choctaw. Chief Tuskaloosa was tall and well built. When de Soto met Tuskaloosa the chief was sitting on high cushions. 18 Hmm, does that name sound familiar to you? Do you know the name of the river named after him? He was wearing a cloak of feathers that reached down to his feet. An Indian stood behind him waving a fan of plumes.

19. Chief Tuskaloosa and de Soto Meet 19 Using your Productive Thinking Talent generate M, V, U, adjectives to describe Chief Tuskaloosa.

20. De Soto vs. Tuskaloosa De Soto wanted some Indians to carry his provisions, or supplies. Tuskaloosa said, “No way!” and de Soto took him hostage. Chief Tuskaloosa changed his mind and told de Soto that he would help him if he came to his village of Maubila. 20 Predict what you think will happen next.

21. Maubila Village Maubila was surrounded by a high wall made of tree poles. The Spanish called this a palisade. Well, Chief Tuskaloosa had a trick up his sleeve. He went inside a house and refused to come out. Suddenly, the Indians started to sing and dance loudly and then they attacked the Spanish. Let’s use our Productive Thinking Talent to design an Indian village with a palisade.

22. The Indians Attack! The Indian arrows and spears could not pierce the Spanish armor. Archaeologists have never been able to find the village of Maubila. De Soto lost 42 men in this war and the pearls he found on his expedition. During the fight Chief Tuskaloosa disappeared and they never found his body…

23. Battle of Maubila The Spanish were badly injured so they stayed in Maubila to heal and bury their dead. When they got better they continued on their expedition… but, bad news was ahead. 23

24. Battle of Maubila De Soto became ill and died. They buried him in the Mississippi River so that the Indians wouldn’t find his body. 24 The Spanish made the Indians believe he was immortal, or could not be killed. What does that red line represent on the map?

25. Don Tristan de Luna Don Tristan de Luna landed in Mobile Bay looking for all that de Soto had found. He was unsuccessful. His boats were sank by a hurricane and the Indians didn’t welcome him and his men. 25

26. Don Tristan de Luna When the Spanish came, they also brought devastating, or badly hurting, diseases. The Indians didn’t have any immunity to the diseases, like measles, mumps, small pox, and tuberculosis. 26 Thousands of Indians fell ill and died. Whole villages disappeared.

27. Exit Slip 1.What did Hernando de Soto bring on his expedition? 2. Why did Juan Ortiz become de Soto’s interpreter? 3. What is an entrada? 4. Describe Chief Tuskaloosa as he looked when de Soto and his men met him. 5.Why did de Soto take Chief Tuskaloosa hostage? 6.Who lost more men at Maubila? 27