1. Quality Education in Developing Countries Initiative Transparency and Accountability in Education November 1, 2008

2. 2 Learning Outcomes are Low in Sub-Saharan Africa and India NIGERIA 40% Cannot Write Grade 4 MALAWI 78% Illiterate Grade 6 INDIA 50% Only with Basic Math Skills Grade 2-5

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4. 4 Improved Reading, Math, and Critical Thinking for Students QEDC Strategy Change in Policy and Practice System-wide Effective Instructional Models More Attention to and Accountability for Learning Sufficient Resources Used Effectively 1 1 2 2 3 3

5. 5 Grantmaking Activities Support Other Mechanisms to Ensure Accountability for Learning Support Independent Assessments of Reading and Math Skills Ensure Results are Disseminated and Discussed QEDC Strategy More Attention to and Accountability for Learning 1 1 Problem Low Awareness of Learning Outcomes

6. 6 Grantmaking Activities QEDC Strategy Problem Advocate for More Money to Education, Better Spent Fund Civil Society Monitoring of the Use of Funds Support Innovative Funding Mechanisms Sufficient Resources Used Effectively 3 3 Scarce Resources, Not Directed Toward Quality

7. 7 % Funds Reaching Schools from Central Government; Ugandan Shillings Budget Transparency Resulted in More Funding for Uganda’s Schools 1991-1995 Pre-PES 2001 Post-PES Diverted Reaching Schools 100% = 3,000 100% = 6,000 80% 20% 13% 87%

8. 8 Challenges and Questions