1. eFarmer.us Biodiesel Types, properties, performance, benefits, maintenance December 2008 copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

2. eFarmer.us Overview Biodiesel is perfect substitute for normal diesel. Biodiesel is a fuel produced from vegetable mass, animal fat and recycled oils. Best green house gas mitigation strategy. Biodiesel is widely produced from soybean in United States. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

3. eFarmer.us Overview Biodiesel is both environmental friendly and is also a renewable source of energy. Biodiesel can be used to operate any vehicle or equipment which uses diesel as fuel with no or minimal modifications. Bio diesel is available in almost all the regions in United states. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

4. eFarmer.us Types of Biodiesel There are 2 main categories: Neat and blended biodiesel B100 is 100 percent biodiesel. Biodiesel blends are with a composition of both biodiesel and conventional diesel. B20- 20% biodiesel and 80% diesel B5- 5% biodiesel and 95% diesel. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

5. eFarmer.us Characteristics Biodiesel is less hazardous than common salt i.e. hazel free handling. It is less viscous than diesel and so greater lubrication. More corrosive. Shorter shelf life. Burns with very low toxic emission. Contains no sulfur or aromatics. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

6. eFarmer.us Performance Biodiesel shows similar fuel consumption, horsepower, torque, and haulage rates as conventional diesel fuel. Biodiesel offers similar power to diesel fuel. Marked improvements of lubricity can be seen. Compatibility with existing diesel engine. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

7. eFarmer.us Performance The usage of biodiesel provides almost equal performance in terms of miles per gallon. The mileage improves in cold weather and there is no special care that is required in addition to care for normal diesel engines. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

8. eFarmer.us Performance Emissions compared to Diesel fuel copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us Emission typeB100B20 Total unburned HC-67%-20% Carbon monoxide-48%-12% Particulate matter-47%-12% NOXS+10%-2% to +2% Sulfates-100%-20% PAH-80%-13% Ozone Specific HC-50%-18% Nitrated PAHs-90%-50%

9. eFarmer.us Maintenance At switch point be aware of compatibility and check with owners manual. Check for fuel filters on the vehicle frequently and fuel system. Cold weather can cause greater wax deposition if neat biodiesel is used. Regularly check the fuel hose and other rubber materials. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

10. eFarmer.us Maintenance Check for warranty statements Care of painted surfaces. Use the blends of B20 or higher within the 6 months of purchase. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

11. eFarmer.us Environmental benefits The only alternative fuel to have completed EPA requirements. Biodiesel has lower levels of hazardous emissions compared to conventional diesel. Substantial reduction in unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and particulate matter. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

12. eFarmer.us Environmental benefits Biodiesel contains no sulfur or aromatics. 78.5% reduction of CO2 emission. Has a overall positive energy balance. Best strategy to mitigate green house effect. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

13. eFarmer.us Energy benefits Utilizing domestic surplus of vegetable oils will enhance energy security. Decrease in foreign oil dependence while creating jobs in United States. Biodiesel being renewable source of energy gives an opportunity to produce as much as required wile minimizing the harm to the environment. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

14. eFarmer.us Economic benefits Increased utilization of renewable bio fuels result in significant microeconomic benefits to both urban and rural sectors. Can create balance of trade. The expenditure on securing foreign oil ($57 billion), foreign tax credits account to $4 billion, environmental costs are $45 per barrel. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

15. eFarmer.us Economic benefits (cont..) For every billion dollars spent on foreign oil result in 10,000-25,000 jobs lost in US. By reducing dependence on foreign oil can help conserve economy and preserve American jobs. The average price per bushel of soybean can go up by 17 cents annually by the continued growth in biodiesel usage. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

16. eFarmer.us Drawbacks Higher retail prices. Lower shelf life causes the storage time restrictions. Greater oxidizing and corrosive nature leads to little excess maintenance cost. Requires frequent change of fuel filters. The manufacturer may void the warranty if the cause of engine problems because of biodiesel. copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

17. eFarmer.us Further information Visit: www.biodiesel.orgwww.biodiesel.org www.nbb.org Call 800-841-5849 email : info@nbb.org copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us

18. eFarmer.us Resources www.biodiesel.org www.nbb.org copyright eStudy.us 2008 michael.roberson@eStudy.us