1. Exam 1 review

2. PV loop Note over distention Patient triggers Asynchrony RAW

3. Flow Patterns Constant/Square: – Causes lower I-time, less MAP, higher PIP – Only set in VC – Can increase oxygenation – Generally uncomfortable for your patients

4. Flow Patterns Ramp – Can be set in volume, automatic pattern in PC – Will increase MAP, and prolong I-time – When switching from constant to ramp, you may have to increase flow to maintain same I-time, I:E ratio

5. Pressure time graph Used to assess patient triggering Used to assess inadequate flow rate/double breaths Assess level of PEEP Assess rise time Assess Plat time

6. Work to Trigger 12 3 4 56 30 Sec P aw cmH 2 O -10

7. Patient/Ventilator Synchrony The Patient Outbreathing the Set Flow Air Starvation 123456 -20 Sec P aw cmH 2 O

8. Adequate Plateau Time -20 12 3456 30 SEC P aw cmH 2 O Plateau Time

9. Time Minimal Pressure Overshoot Pressure Relief Slow rise Moderate rise Fast rise P V. Flow Acceleration Percent Rise Time

10. Pressure time graph A-B Inspiratory time, B-C Expiratory time, D PEEP level, E PIP

11. Compliance changes Static vs dynamic Know formula and causes for each

12. Initial setup and manipulation Know generic ranges Know modified ranges (VT 5-7 ml/kg with higher rates) Know rules for manipulation

13. PC vs VC PC pressure limited time cycled, volume and flow vary, volume varies with compliance, flow varies with minute volume VC volume limited flow cycled, pressure varies with compliance, i-time varies with flow and frictional resistance

14. SIMV vs AC vs CPAP Know what is set in each mode Know what PSV is and how to set it

15. Formulas I:E ratios Desired CO2, PO2 formulas VD/VT ratio A-a gradient, aA ratio, PF ratio VA, VE RAW, CS, CD

16. Auto PEEP How do we fix it? How do we assess it?

17. PEEP Indications Uses/hazards Optimal peep

18. Mean Airway Pressure Definition for mean airway pressure (mPaw) Causes for increases MAP

19. Definitions Volume assured pressure support ATC PSV AC SIMV CPAP vs PEEP PRVC