1. A I R T R A F F I C O R G A N I Z A T I O N Future Communications Study Technology Assessment Team: Outcome of Phase II Activities Presented at ICAO ACP WGC Meeting, Brussels, Belgium September 19, 2006 Prepared by: ITT/Glen Dyer, Tricia Gilbert NASA/James Budinger

2. 2 Background FCS Technology Investigation is being performed in three phases –Phase I: Technology Pre-Screening May – December 2004 Recommended applicable satellite and terrestrial technologies (in VHF, L- and C-Band) –Phase II: Technology screening and detailed evaluation of selected technologies that scored well in the Phase 1 This briefing presents an overview of the results from this phase –Phase III: Detailed Technology Investigations

3. 3 Elements of the Candidate Technology Evaluation

4. 4 Evaluation Methodology – Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

5. 5 Updated Technology Inventory Technology FamilyCandidates Cellular Telephony Derivatives TDMA (IS-136), CDMA (IS-95A), CDMAone (IS-95B), CDMA2000 1xRTT, W-CDMA (US)/UMTS FDD (Europe), TD-CDMA (US)/UMTS TDD (Europe), CDMA2000 3x, CDMA2000 1xEV, GSM/GPRS/EDGE, TD-SCDMA, DECT IEEE 802 Wireless Derivatives IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, ETSI HIPERPAN, ETSI HIPERLAN, ETSI HIPERMAN Public Safety and Specialized Mobile Radio APCO P25 Phase 1, APCO P25 Phase 2, TETRA Release 1, TETRAPOL, IDRA, IDEN, EDACS, APCO P34, TETRA Release 2 (TAPS), TETRA Release 2 (TEDS), Project MESA Satellite and Other Over Horizon Communication SDLS, Connexion by Boeing, Aero B-GAN, Iridium, GlobalStar, Thuraya, Integrated Global Surveillance and Guidance System (IGSAGS), HF Data Link, Custom Satellite System, Digital Audio Broadcast Custom Narrowband VHF Solutions VDL Mode 2, VDL Mode 3, VDL Mode 3 w/SAIC, VDL Mode E, VDL Mode 4, E-TDMA Custom BroadbandADL, Flash-OFDM, UAT, Mode-S, B-VHF (MC-CDMA), LDL, L-Band E­ TDMA MilitaryLink 16, SINCGARS, EPLRS, HAVEQUICK, JTRS OtherAPC Phone (Airphone, AirCell, SkyWay) Note: A bold font has used to indicate the new additions to the technology inventory.

6. 6 Technology Screening Overview The technology screening used key metrics to identify the most promising candidates from each technology family –The key metrics for terrestrial technologies that were selected and used are data rate and communications range –For the satellite and over-the-horizon family of technologies, the screening criteria was a gate (ability to use protected spectrum) and the technology data rate –Each technology family was assessed and plotted on a tri color chart, with acceptable, marginal and good regions inferred from COCR requirements –Most promising technologies from each family were selected for detailed evaluation (depending on family performance, 0, 1 or many were selected) Next two slides provide screening results in a graphical format. The third slide provides a summary of the technology screening results.

7. 7 Technology Screening Summary – Terrestrial Technologies Legend Small Squares = Cellular Technologies Small Diamonds = IEEE 802 Technologies Small Triangles = Public Safety Radio Small Circle = Custom VHF Large Square = Custom Broadband Dashmark = Military

8. 8 Technology Screening Summary – Satellite Technologies Candidates to bring forward

9. 9 NASA/ITT Screened Technologies Screened Technologies Continental Solution W-CDMA P34 E-TDMA LDL B-VHF Link 16 Inmarsat Custom Satellite System (e.g. SDLS) Oceanic Domain Inmarsat Custom Satellite System (e.g. SDLS) Airport Domain IEEE 802.16e Nine total technologies are brought forward from the Screening process –Eight are candidates that provide a general solution applicable to continental airspace (including en route, TMA and airport) –These candidates are considered further as part of a full technology investigation –Some technologies can be considered in the context of specific domains Oceanic: Inmarsat, Custom Satellite (also counted as potential continental solutions) Airport: IEEE 802.16e (not considered applicable as a continental solution)

10. 10 EUROCONTROL Screening Short List Eurocontrol presented their current technology short list at the ICAO ACP WG-C10 meeting (March 17, 2006) Technology Short List Evolution of existing aeronautical systems or concepts (x) DL3 E-TDMA (x) DL4 New terrestrial systems B-VHF 3G systems (WCDMA) P34 Satellite Systems Inmarsat SwiftBroadband New satellite system(s) Airport/surface systems 802 derivatives.11x,.16 and.20 Airport Data Link

11. 11 Comparison of Screened Technologies INMARSAT Swift Broadband Custom Satellite Link 16 [(x)DL4] ADL Continental Oceanic Airport Continental Oceanic Airport P-34 Broadband-VHF Wideband CDMA Enhanced TDMA L-band Datalink [(x)DL3] INMARSAT Swift Broadband Custom Satellite IEEE 802.16 P-34 Broadband-VHF Wideband CDMA Enhanced TDMA L-band Datalink [(x)DL3] INMARSAT Swift Broadband Custom Satellite IEEE 802.xx Common Recommendations NASA – ITT Eurocontrol

12. 12 Initial Detailed Technology Evaluation Scores Initial implementation of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (Detailed Evaluation Process) identifies two leading candidates, P34 and B-VHF –Additional candidates that scored well include W-CDMA, E-TDMA, and LDL –Inmarsat and emerging satellite technologies that utilize AMS(R)S spectrum score well and are recommended for remote airspace –802.16e is recommended for use on the airport surface Phase II in-depth technology investigations that support the Detailed Evaluations have considered P34, LDL, 802.16e and satellites; further study of the following technologies is recommended for Phase III –WCDMA –B-VHF –L-Band E-TDMA Initial implementation of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (Detailed Evaluation Process) identifies two leading candidates, P34 and B-VHF –Additional candidates that scored well include W-CDMA, E-TDMA, and LDL –Inmarsat and emerging satellite technologies that utilize AMS(R)S spectrum score well and are recommended for remote airspace –802.16e is recommended for use on the airport surface Phase II in-depth technology investigations that support the Detailed Evaluations have considered P34, LDL, 802.16e and satellites; further study of the following technologies is recommended for Phase III –WCDMA –B-VHF –L-Band E-TDMA

13. 13 Action Request The ACP Working Group is invited to consider the technology investigation activities described in this paper; including the methodology employed, the screened technology results and the preliminary detailed evaluation results, and to provide comments if desired