1. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 20051 How live polling can enhance student learning: Applications for general and research classes Teaching, Learning, Mentoring Conference, Springfield, MO. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., November 5, 2005

2. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 20052 Presentation Outline Part 1: General Interest 1.Overview of live polling 2.Examples of live polling 3.Live polling software

3. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 20053 Presentation Outline Part 2: Details of the application 1.WebCT approach 2.Getting data into Excel and SPSS

4. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 20054 What Is Live Polling? Live polling is a method for getting responses from a group of people and displaying their responses in realtime. In the context of teaching, realtime means the current classroom time frame.

5. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 20055 Why Live Polling? Our rationale for live polling may derive from several sources Authority Affiliation Geek savoir faire Financial Theoretical Empirical

6. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 20056 Authority & Live Polling? National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Educators should provide “active learning environments for all students, even in large sections, lecture-dominated courses (p. 39).”

7. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 20057 Affiliation & Live Polling? Active learning, like many ideas in the history of education, is a buzzword. Live polling is a strategy to encourage active learning. Affiliation is a human need. If you feel the need to belong, join the crowd. Buzz a few words, do some polls, then follow the wave to the next hot item. You will feel better and students may feel good even if they do not learn any more.

8. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 20058 Geek savoir faire & Live Polling? In a period of Geek revivalism, such as we now experience, it is useful to display a knowledge of all things Geek. Live polling is one of those things. p.s. googling savoir faire will give you a french lexicon, which is not useful.

9. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 20059 Financial Considerations & Live Polling There is funding for technology and research related to the use of technology to promote student learning. Finances can be a reason to obtain the technology and determine its value in active learning. Add live polling software as a part of your purchase and research plans.

10. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200510 Theoretical Reasons for Live Polling: Schemas Students enter courses with various cognitive schemas. An accurate schema of the concepts presented in the course may require a modification of their existing schemas (most likely).

11. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200511 Theoretical Reasons for Live Polling: Schemas As an educator, live polling provides you with -An understanding of a student’s pre-existing schema. -An understanding of how they have changed as a result of the learning activities. -An understanding of how many students “get it” as a result of the learning activities.

12. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200512 Theoretical Reasons for Live Polling: Schemas As a student, live polling provides -Knowledge of how well they already understand course concept. -Knowledge of how well they have understood a newly presented concept. -Knowledge of how they are doing compared to others.

13. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200513 Theoretical Reasons for Live Polling: Feedback Feedback, or knowledge of results, promotes learning when it is immediate. So much feedback in education is delayed feedback. Live polling can provide immediate feedback

14. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200514 Theoretical Reasons for Live Polling: Attention Theoretically, students need to attend to a stimulus in order to learn. Live polling may increase the attention of more students if it is a >novel stimulus >relevant stimulus (e.g., net polling) >discriminative stimulus ( learning cue)

15. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200515 Empirical Reasons for Live Polling Attention span for students ~ 15 minutes (Prince, 2004)

16. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200516 Empirical Reasons for Live Polling Recall- for the first 10 minutes of lecture ~ 70% Recall- for the last 10 minutes of lecture ~ 20% (Prince, 2004)

17. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200517 Empirical Reasons for Live Polling Common lecture rate ~ 120-140 wpm Student notetaking rate as low as 20 wpm

18. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200518 Examples of Live Polling WarmUps (Cox & Junkin, 2005) Ask 3 questions about the assigned reading before class begins. Use results for Just-in Time Teaching-- tailor your presentation to the customer. [Software can set a timer to end availability of questions to end when class begins.]

19. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200519 Examples of Live Polling Learning Consolidation & Mid-lecture Polls Engage with the material by reviewing their notes and solving a problem. > Individual work > Group activity Respond to the question and get feedback.

20. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200520 Examples of Live Polling Attention & Focus Stimulus Survey the class on a topic of interest to students and relevant to the course content. Tattoo Use of WebCT Elections

21. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200521 Examples of Live Polling Self-Test Ungraded questions provided at the end of class to reinforce accurate learning. Feedback can guide the learners to notes or text pages for the answers or lead them to other resources.

22. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200522 Examples of Live Polling Selected Course Evaluation Outside of class time, a survey of selected course components can involve the students in feedback about the perceived value of various learning activities used by the instructor.

23. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200523 Examples of Live Polling Specific Use-Testing & Research Classes: Develop skills for: writing questions & items web-based research downloading files Using Excel Using SPSS / data analysis software Live stuff is more fun!

24. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200524 Live Polling Software Webforms A variety of options including live polling available at no charge from William F. Junkin. Wjunkin@erskine.edu

25. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200525 Live Polling Software WebCT Quizzes and Options Module I will illustrate WebCT in the next section

26. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200526 Live Polling: Some Thoughts Time to prepare the activity Familiarity with the software Familiarity with the equipment Knowing the limitations –E.g., how to enroll people in a class End of Part I

27. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200527

28. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200528 Part 2 In this Part of the Presentation I will cover 1.Adding Surveys in WebCT 2.Downloading files to Excel 3.From Excel to SPSS

29. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200529 Surveys in WebCT Refer to the handout, which is based on the WebCT help guidelines. Begin by adding surveys from the control panel Add Tool feature. Complete the options information- including choice of an icon Click to add the tool and the features.

30. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200530 Control Panel--- Surveys

31. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200531 Create the Survey in WebCT Course Menu- select survey Select Create Add title and create You have set up the Survey but need to add questions

32. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200532 Add Questions to the Survey Select Survey Edit Add questions/ items Create

33. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200533 Add Questions

34. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200534 Add Questions to the Survey Type the item Type responses e.g., Agree… Save and Add

35. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200535 Enter New Questions Answers

36. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200536 Schedule the Survey Select the settings For example - for the class period Update That is it!

37. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200537 Survey Settings

38. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200538 Examining the Data Select detail to see results Update table Click summary to see item responses

39. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200539 Survey Detail

40. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200540 Examining the Data Click detailed statistics to see basic stats That is usually enough for the live class polling Have a discussion or move on…

41. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200541 WebCT Live

42. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200542 Downloading From the survey/detail page, select export to disk Select where to download Open Excel Open file from download Select comma delimited Accept defaults and finish

43. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200543 Downloading From the survey/detail page, select export to disk Select where to download

44. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200544 Export & Download

45. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200545 In Excel “Clean up” data Do statistics or, Save the file as an Excel file See the examples

46. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200546 Excel View Missing data

47. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200547 Excel “Cleaned”

48. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200548 In SPSS Open SPSS Open a new file Select the excel file you created Begin data analysis

49. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 200549 The End Please refer to the handout available on line for a list of procedures and references. Please send corrections to suttong@evangel.edu Thank you.