1. HYBRID INTEGRATION OF OPTICAL AND WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY by A.HEMAVATHI 1

2. Integration Scenario TDM EPONWDM EPONWi-FiWiMax 2 HYBRID OPTICAL HYBRID WIRELESS HYBRID OPTICAL AND WIRELESS

3. Presentation outline Objective Introduction Architecture of Hybrid Optical and Wireless EPON MAC Protocol Implementations using OPNET IPACT Algorithm Implementations using OPNET Upstream scheduling algorithm Converged Scenario Implementation Data exchange between optical and Wireless Conclusion References 3

4. Objective Bandwidth advantages of Optical Networks Mobility features of wireless networks Replaces existing wired telecommunication Long distance broadband access End to End Service Quality of Service Economic efficiency to the service providers 4

5. Introduction Broadband access solutions in rural area: DSL, CM or optical cables. Unable to support more than 5.5km from CO. Passive Optical Networks: Solution for DSL and CM. Providing higher bandwidth and supporting more than 20km from CO. PON Infrastructure Point to multipoint infrastructure OLT in the CO ONUs near customer Premises 1:N passive splitter/Combiner in the split ratio of 16, 32 or 64. 5

6. Introduction… PON standards: EPON(IEEE 802.3ah) and GPON(ITU-TG.984) PON Media Access Technology: TDM and WDM EPON protocols Multi Point Control Protocol(MPCP) for TDM EPON MPCP extension for WDM EPON In MPCP bandwidth is allocated by OLT to the ONU MPCP Extension: More ONUs and higher bandwidth than TDM EPON Wavelength assignment features. 6

7. Hybrid Optical and Wireless Integrated Scheme 7

8. 1. OLT and ONU: TDM EPON : Single channel : upstream and downstream separated by CWDM. MPCP allocates bandwidth between the OLT and ONU REGISTER_REQUEST, REGISTER, REGISTER_ACK - auto discovery for new ONUs REPORT - upstream bandwidth request GATE – Grants the bandwidth request between OLT and ONUs. WDM EPON WDM EPON – solution to TDM EPON MPCP extension Enables OLT to schedule transmission to and reception from ONUs on any wavelength channel. 8

9. Hybrid Optical and Wireless Integrated Scheme 2. ONU and BS: MPCP REPORT – bandwidth requests from BS to ONU GATE message – replies from ONU to BS. 3. BS, APs and WLAN Workstations: IEEE 802.16 : SS uses Contention and Polling Method for bandwidth request from BS Contention method : fight between SS - results in collision. Polling method BS polls each SS No collision, reduces packet delay 9

10. Class of Services Wi-Fi Service class : 1. Expedited Forwarding(EF) 2. Assured Forwarding(AF) 3. Excellent Effort(EF) 4. Best Effort(BE) WiMax Service Class: 1. Unsolicited Grant Service(UGS) 2. Real –Time Polling Service(rtPS) 3. Extended Real –Time Polling Service(ertPS) 4. Non - rtPS(nrtPS) 5. Best Effort Service(BE ) 10

11. Upstream scheduling algorithm Defines: Which queue, for how long and in which order should send data when the allocated time slot arrives from ONU. Avoid collision. Queue inside BS: 1. UGS for voice 2. rtPS for Video 3. BE for FTP service classes. 11

12. Upstream scheduling algorithm Stage 3 Scheduler Stage 2 QOS mapping Stage 1 WiMAX traffic 12 Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS) Real time Polling Service (rtPS) Extended real time Polling Service (ertPS) Non real time Polling Service (nrtPS) Best Effort (BE) Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS) Real time Polling Service (rtPS) Best Effort (BE) ……….. UGSrtPSBE

13. Data Exchange between Hybrid Optical and Wireless 13 OLTONUBSAPWLANS (1) Packet arrives from ws on AP AP (2)AP receives the packet and classifies it with CIDx 2 ) (3)AP generates BW request for the Packet (4)BS polls the Ap and receives BW request for the Packet AP (13)AP receives the GRANT for particular CIDx (14)AP de-queue packet from CIDx and sends it to BS BS (5) BS enters the BW request in BS Scheduler with CIDx (6) BS generates REPORT ONUONU (7) ONU polls BS and receives REPORT message (12) BS receives GATE and GRANTS it to AP (15) BS receives CIDx ( 16) BS starts doing QOS mapping from WiMAX QOS to EPON QOS ( 17) BS starts sending packet towards ONU (8) ONU generates REPORT message (9) OLT polls ONU receives REPORT (11) ONU receives GATE and sends to BS O LT (10) OLT generates GATE and sends to it ONU (18) ONU receives packet and sends it to OLT ONUONU

14. MPCP Implementation using OPNET 14

15. Parameters of optical and wireless TDM EPON and WDM EPON Speed: ONU - AWG, AWG - OLT, OLT - app. Server 1Gbps EPON Cycle Time and Guard time 2ms, 1µs Distance between (OLT, AWG) & (AWG, ONU) 20 km, 5km WiMAX and Wi-Fi Total number of Bs per ONU and AP per BS 16, 1 Number of WLAN workstations per AP 8 WiMAX Channel Capacity 20MHZ WiMAX Duplexing and Frame Duration TDD, 5ms Uplink and Downlink modulation and coding QPSK 1/2 15

16. IPACT algorithm implementation using OPNET Steps of Polling Algorithm 16

17. IPACT algorithm implementation using OPNET Steps of Polling Algorithm 17

18. Integrated scenario implementation using OPNET 18

19. conclusion The integrated technology for broadband access networks. Bandwidth of optical networks as well as the mobility features of wireless can be utilized. Economic solution for rural area. WDM EPON upgraded for higher bandwidth. WDM EPON supports scalability and multi-wavelengths. 19

20. References [1] N. Moradpoor, G. Parr, S. McClean, B. Scotney, G. Owusu, “Hybrid Optical and Wireless Technology Integrations for Next Generation Broadband Access Networks”, 2011, IEEE. [2] Glen Kramer and Biswanath Mukherjee, “IPACT: A Dynamic protocol for an Ethernet PON (EPON)”. [3] B. Skubic et al., "A Comparison of Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation for EPON, GPON, and Next-Generation TDM PON", IEEE Com. Mag. Mar. 2009, 47:3, 40-4S. [4] S. Sarkar et al., "Hybrid wireless-optical broadband- access network (WOBAN): A review of relevant challenges", JL T, Nov. 2007, 25: II, 3329-3340. [5] Y.Luo et al., "Integrating Optical and Wireless Services in the Access Network", OSA, 2006 [6] M. McGarry et al.,"WDM Ethernet Passive Optical Networks", IEEE Com. Mag.2006, [7] D. Remondo et al., "Integration of Optical and Wireless Technologies in the Metro-Access: QoS Support and Mobility Aspects", NGl, 2009. 20

21. THANK YOU 21