1. Chapter 3 Canada’s People 3.0-Human Geography Socials Studies

2. 3.1 Rural and Urban Communities Create a t-chart on what you already know about Rural and Urban Communities. In your chart you should think of an example, and the characteristics of that example. UrbanRural

4. Areas that are often agricultural and located outside towns and cities. What are some local and national examples?

5. Urban Towns and cities with a population with 1000 or more. Or, with a population density of at least 400 people per square km. What are some local and national examples?

6. Population Distribution Population distribution is how we describe where people choose to live in a country.

7. Archipelago Effect This is simply an analogy (comparison) of how the population of Canada is pockets of settlements, that looks like a group of islands (a group of islands is called an archipelago). See figure 3.1, page 42-43

8. Population Density A measure of how closely people live together in a given country OR area. Example: The houses in downtown St. John’s are very close together. The houses on Marine Drive are farther apart. See figure 3.3 on page 44.

9. How to calculate Population Density Population of an area= A Size of an area in square kilometers=B A/B=population density= ppl/km 2 Example: YOU CALCULATE!!! Population of Town is 10 000 Size of area in square kilometers is 2000 square kilometers

10. Name it-Urban or Rural PopulationAreaPopulation Density 10 00034.87 km 2 _______________ Urban or Rural? 2,503,281630.2 km 2 _______________ Urban or Rural? 3,325 17.6 km²_______________ Urban or Rural?

11. Create the chart in your notebooks ProvincesAreaPopulationPopulation Density NL PEI NS NB QUE ONT ETC (fill in remainder of the provinces yourself)

14. ProvincesArea (km 2 )PopulationPopulation Density NL405 212510 6001.26 ppl/km 2 PEI5 660145 90025.7 ppl/km 2 NS5 284945 40017.1 ppl/km 2 NB72 908755 50010.3 ppl/km 2 QUE1 542 0567 905 7005.1 ppl/km 2 ONT1 076 39513 373 00012.4 ppl/km 2 AB661 8483 779 4005.7 ppl/km 2 MB647 7971 234 5001.9 ppl/km 2 SK651 0361 057 9001.6 ppl/km 2 BC944 7354 573 3004.8 ppl/km 2

15. Questions 1. Where is Canada most thinly populated? 2. Which area is most densely populated? 3. Name two other highly populated areas. How do these highly populated areas relate to the location of Canada’s main urban centers? 4. How accurate is it to say that Canada’s population is mainly concentrated along the US/Canada border (islands of population-Archipelago) 5. Why can’t you only examine population density when studying population distribution (see Canada vs Netherlands example on page 44)

16. Settlement Patterns The people who lived in Canada prior to European settlement were the Aboriginal or Indigenous groups. Europeans were attached to the areas that were inhabited by the aboriginal group because of the site (physical) and situation (site’s relationship to other places) factors.

17. Aboriginal/Indigenous Populations Inuit-Live in Arctic Canada (Nunavut, NWT, Lab, Que). Inuktitut is the language of the Inuit. Metis-are of First Nations and European ancestory. Live primarily on the Prairies, and in Ontario and the NWT. First Nations-use this term when referring to more than one group of indigenous people.

18. 3.2 Make a value Judgement! Overtime there has been a decline in traditional activities of Aboriginal peoples. In your opinion, who should take responsibility for these changes?

19. 3.2 Account for the growth and decline of settlements Site Factors: Features of the physical landscape that attract people. What are some physical features that attracted people to Halifax? Military outpost (easy to protect) Ice-free port Protected harbour Railway hub (late 1800s)

20. 3.2 Account for the growth and decline of settlements Situational Factors A sites relationship to other places. Things about the area attract people to the spot. (Like Halifax) Railway hub in the 1800’s Shipping centre for goods (coming in from Europe and going out from Canada) Regional Centre of Gov’t and services all these required workers, who moved to the area for jobs lots of workers encouraged manufacturing jobs in area (this declined as manufacturing could be done elsewhere for cheaper)

21. 3.2 Classification of Communities A look at communities that reflect growth or decline over the years, such as through services: Villages/small towns Small stores Limited products or competition (ie. Only 1 gas station in town) Small doctor’s office Small schools, or go to larger towns for high school Must travel for larger stores, shopping, etc. Cities Hospitals, universities, large banks, government offices Specialized services for large populations (ie. ENT doctors, etc.) Specialty stores Some services may spread outside a city, expanding to reach other local areas and increase their size.

22. Growth and Decline Settlement sGROW because:Settlements DECLINE because: Changes in service building of hospitals / schools / fire dept. / government services Rural to Urban drift move from rural towns to larger centers move from agriculture to urban (technology / resource depletion / etc) Transportation new bridge / road / highway in area Economic downturn loss of jobs locally Climate better weather patterns local weather (ie. Less snow) Lack of services lack of services / quality of services change in needs (older people need more health care vs education) Economics new industries / manufacturing / construction resulting in more jobs

23. 3.4 Regional Identities Many regional identities are associated with local industries. What industries and identities are depicted below?

24. Regional Identities and Stereotypes You are a Newfoundlander. Therefore you must... Jig for cod? Dance the jig? Eat fish and brewis or flipper pie? Row a dory? Drink Screech? Live in a saltbox? Go mummering at Christmas? Play the fiddle or button accordion? A stereotype is an oversimplified view of the characteristics held by members of a certain group or place. Sometimes stereotypes are negative (as portrayed in “stupid Newfie” jokes) and can lead to a prejudiced view of a group.

25. Three Jolly Fishermen http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland- labrador/story/2011/10/14/nl-fishermen-postcard-114.html (see video)

26. Newfoundland Stereotypes What stereotype of Newfoundlanders does the following video show? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3m-y-qAbpL0

27. Newfoundland Stereotypes Look at the following poster. http://www.heritage.nf.ca/nlsociety/chapter1topic1_8.pdf Do you think the pictures shown are good representatives of our provincial identity or do they portray some stereotypes?

28. Sense of Place If you had to shoot three photographs that were representative of Newfoundland and Labrador, what would you feature? Read the text and look at the pictures on page 58 and 59 of your textbook. What oversimplifications about Newfoundland and Labrador might someone make who lives outside our province and who has limited knowledge of our province?