1. Daily Warm-Up Exercises1 Day 2 When someone says a rock has fine grains or coarse grains, what are they talking about? Grains are the particles that make up a rock. The words fine and coarse refer to the size of the grains. Fine grains are small, and coarse grains are larger. What is molten rock? Molten rock is melted rock.

2. 2 Trilobite Hunter, Part 2 Introduction to the Grand Canyon Earth History, Investigation 8

3. 3 Return to Trilobite Hunter Are igneous rocks good for finding trilobite fossils? No, because they are made of molten rock, which is much too hot to preserve organisms. granite pumice

4. 4 Return to Trilobite Hunter We are now going to look at a second type of rock, called metamorphic. We’ll find out if metamorphic rocks are good for finding fossils. These rocks are found in some of the deepest layers of the Grand Canyon.

5. 5 Compare Rock Types Contrasting Case Activity 1, Part 2 Earth History, Investigation 8 Compare Rock Types

6. 6 List Observable Features Metamorphic #1 Metamorphic #18 List the features you can observe about the two metamorphic rock samples. Compare Rock Types

7. 7 Which is Which? Can you figure out which rock is schist and which is quartzite? 1 18 Compare Rock Types

8. 1 18 8 What’s the Same? What’s Different? Identify similarities and differences and write them in the Venn diagram. Compare Rock Types

9. 9 Metamorphic Schist Only Both Schist & Quartzite Quartzite Only Fairly shiny Medium to coarse grain size Formed from slate, a metamorphic rock Crystals are flat and arranged in layers Made of minerals Formed when a rock changes due to heat and/or pressure Formed deep beneath Earth’s surface Dull and hard Fine grain size Formed from sandstone, a sedimentary rock Rough Grains appear to be fused together

10. 10 Return to Trilobite Hunter Are metamorphic rocks good for finding trilobite fossils? Not very good because the heat and/or pressure will usually destroy any fossils contained in the original rock. schist quartzite

11. 11 Return to Trilobite Hunter Let’s look at one more type of rock, sedimentary. We’ll find out if sedimentary rocks are good for finding trilobite fossils.

12. Compare Rock Types12 List Observable Features Sedimentary #7 Sedimentary #8 List the features you can observe about the two sedimentary rock samples.

13. Compare Rock Types13 Which is Which? Can you figure out which rock is shale and which is sandstone? 7 8

14. 7 8 14 What’s the Same? What’s Different? Identify similarities and differences and write them in the Venn diagram. Compare Rock Types

15. 15 Sedimentary Shale Only Both Shale & Sandstone Sandstone Only Smooth Very fine grain size Grains are arranged in layers Formed from particles of silt or clay May contain fossils Made of minerals Formed when something gets compacted and cemented together May form on or below Earth’s surface Rough Medium to coarse grain size Formed from grains of sand Dull and hard