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Cisco Public ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 1 --- 管理你的网络环境 CCNA (640-802)
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使用 Telnet 连接远程设备
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用 telnet 连接到远程主机 ( Using Telnet to Connect to Remote Devices ) Remote device SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA 10.3.3.210.3.3.1 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.110.2.2.2 S0 S1 RouterA#telnet 10.1.1.2 Trying 10.1.1.2... Open ------------------------------------------------- Catalyst 1900 Management Console Copyright (c) Cisco Systems, Inc. 1993-1998 All rights reserved. Enterprise Edition Software Ethernet Address: 00-90-86-73-33-40 PCA Number: 73-2239-06 PCA Serial Number: FAA02359H8K Model Number: WS-C1924-EN System Serial Number: FAA0237X0FQ. RouterB>
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查看 telnet 连接( Viewing Telnet Connections ) SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA 10.3.3.210.3.3.1 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.110.2.2.2 S0 S1 RouterA#sh session Conn Host Address Byte Idle Conn Name 1 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 0 1 10.1.1.2 * 2 10.3.3.2 10.3.3.2 0 0 10.3.3.2 RouterA#sh user Line User Host(s) Idle Location * 0 con 0 10.1.1.2 3 10.3.3.2 2 11 vty 0 idle 1 10.1.1.2
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挂起 telnet 会话( Suspending a Telnet Session ) SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA 10.3.3.210.3.3.1 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.110.2.2.2 S0 S1 RouterB# x RouterA#sh session Conn Host Address Byte Idle Conn Name 1 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 0 1 10.1.1.2 RouterA#resume 1 RouterB#
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RouterA#disconnect Closing connection to 10.3.3.2 [confirm] RouterA#clear line 11 [confirm] [OK] 关闭 telnet 会话( Closing a Telnet Session ) Closing a session opened by a remote device Closing the current session opened by you SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA 10.3.3.210.3.3.1 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.110.2.2.2 S0 S1
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Telnet 相关命令 使用 Telnet Router#telnet 192.168.1.1 同时 Telnet 多台设备 Router>Ctrl+Shift+6 同时松开 按 X 检查 Telnet 连接 Router#show sesions 检查 Telnet 用户 Router#show users 关闭 Telnet 会话
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解析主机名 建立主机表 Router(config)#ip host R1 192.168.1.10 删除一个主机名 Router(config)#no ip host R1 禁用 DNS 域名解析 Router(config)#no ip domain-lookup
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在网络中发现邻居
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Cisco 发现协议 CDP 是一个专有的实用工具,它可以告诉你当前 直连的 CISCO 的路由器交换机和一些其他 CISCO 设备的综合信息 不论这些设备上运行着什么协议, CDP 都可以发 现它们
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通过 CDP 发现邻居 CDP 只能运行在 Cisco 设备上, IOS 版本在 10.3 或以上的版本 汇总信息包括 : Device identifiers Address list Port identifier Capabilities list Platform
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使用 CDP
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Cisco 发现协议( Cisco Discovery Protocol ) 1.Cisco 提供的专有的命令 CDP runs on all Cisco equipment 2. 获得直接连接的设备的信息摘要 The primary use of CDP is to discover all Cisco devices that are directly connected to a local device. 3. 运行在数据链路层 Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is a Layer 2 protocol 4.Cdp 版本 1 在 10.3 版本后会自动启动 CDP Version 1 is enabled by default with Cisco IOS (Release 10.3 later). 5.cdp 更新周期 60 秒 CDP update timer is 60s 6.cdp 过期周期 180 秒 CDP hold timer is 180s
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信息摘要包括( Summary information includes ) : – 设备 ID ( Device ID ) – 本地接口( Local Interface ) – 保持时间( Holdtime ) – 功能( Capability ) – 平台( Platform ) – 端口 ID ( Port ID ) –VTP 域名( VTP Management Domain Name (CDPv2 only) ) – 本征 VLAN ( Native VLAN (CDPv2 only) ) – 全双工 / 半双工( Full/Half-Duplex (CDPv2 only) ) CDP show cdp CDP 用 CDP 发现邻居( Discovering Neighbors with CDP )
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Using the show cdp neighbor Command RouterA#sh cdp neighbors Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater Device ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port ID RouterB Ser 0 148 R 2522 Ser 1 SwitchA Eth 0 167 T S 1900 2 SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA 10.3.3.210.3.3.1 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.110.2.2.2 S0 S1
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Using the show cdp entry Command RouterA#sh cdp entry * ------------------------- Device ID: RouterB Entry address(es): IP address: 10.1.1.2 Platform: cisco 2522, Capabilities: Router Interface: Serial0, Port ID (outgoing port): Serial1 Holdtime : 168 sec Version : Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.0(3), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fci) Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Mon 08-Feb-99 18:18 by phanguye SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA 10.3.3.210.3.3.1 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.110.2.2.2 S0 S1
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CDP 其它命令( Additional CDP Commands ) RouterA#sh cdp traffic CDP counters : Packets output: 56, Input: 38 Hdr syntax: 0, Chksum error: 0, Encaps failed: 3 No memory: 0, Invalid packet: 0, Fragmented: 0 RouterA#sh cdp interface BRI0 is administratively down, line protocol is down Encapsulation HDLC Sending CDP packets every 60 seconds Holdtime is 180 seconds SwitchBRouterARouterBSwitchA 10.3.3.210.3.3.1 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.110.2.2.2 S0 S1
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1. 在全局配置模式下使用( no ) cdp run 命令开启或关闭所由接口 的 CDP 功能。默认情况下, CDP 被全局开启。 The cdp run command is used to enable CDP globally on the router. By default, CDP is globally enabled. 2. 在接口模式下使用( no ) cdp enable 命令可以开启或关闭某个特 定接口的 CDP 功能。 CDP could be enabled on each of the devices interfaces by using the cdp enable command. 开启和关闭 CDP ( Enable and disable CDP )
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配置周期( Configuring Timer ) Router(config)#cdp timer 5 Router(config)# cdp holdtime 15
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检查网络连接并排除故障
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使用 ping 和 trace 命令 测试远程设备的连通性 Router###ping 10.1.1.10 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/4 ms Router#trace 192.168.101.101 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 192.168.101.101 1 p1r1 (192.168.1.49) 20 msec 16 msec 16 msec 2 p1r2 (192.168.1.18) 48 msec * 44 msec Router#
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其它排错命令 Debug 命令 Show processes 命令
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