1. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 SPECIFICS ON FM BROADCAST INTERFERENCE presentation by Steve Mitchell, UK

2. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 A LITTLE BIT OF HISTORY Changes to ITU Radio Regulations recognition of potential interference to aeronautical systems studies within the ITU initial studies further enhanced studies final ITU recommendations

3. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 GENERAL TYPES OF INTERFERENCE Four types of interference to consider Type A A1 A2 Type B B1 2 signal 3signal B2

4. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 DIFFICULTIES WITH ILS/VOR/COM Extensive testing ILS/VOR receivers 3rd order intermodulation saturation Com receivers ICAO Annex 10 SARPs requirements 3rd order 2 signal Desensitisation

5. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 DIFFICULTIES WITH GBAS AND VDL 4 Testing of GBAS and VDL 4 receivers same mechanisms apply as for ILS/VOR/COM avionics manufacturers tests above 112 MHz split in desensitisation requirements similar A1and B1 criteria as ILS/VOR ICAO Annex 10 SARPs requirements 3rd order 2 signal Desensitisation

6. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 Co-ordination Why co-ordination? Between FM broadcasters mutual sharing Between FM broadcasters and aeronautical avoid interference to aeronautical services Between aeronautical and FM broadcasters avoid potential problems

7. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 Example of co-ordination process Example of an approach to co-ordination European example inside a State databases computer tools agreement mechanism between States LEGBAC/EBU

8. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 TYPE A1 CALCULATION

9. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 TYPE A2 CALCULATION

10. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 TYPE B1 CALCULATION 2 SIGNAL

11. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 TYPE B1 CALCULATION 3 SIGNAL

12. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 TYPE B2 CALCULATION

13. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 TRIGGER AND CUT-OFF CALCULATIONS

14. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 ILS PROTECTION

15. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 VOR PROTECTION

16. Nav, Spectrum & Surveillance Spectrum Management Seminar, Nairobi - 17-19 Feb 2004 PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS WITH AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION