1. UNCLASSIFIED Village Stability Operations Pre-Mission Training Partnership V 4.0 (Final), 07 MAR 12 UNCLASSIFIED

2. Agenda Purpose CFSOCC-A Partnership Overview CJSOTF-A Partnership Overview Special Operations Advisory Group (SOAG) ANA Special Operations Forces (SOF) Logistics Break (10 Minutes) SOF Partnership Elements: ANA Special Operations Command (ANASOC) ANA Commandos (CDO) ANA Special Forces (ANASF) Afghan Local Policed (ALP) Informal Partnerships with MoI and MoD Questions? 2

3. UNCLASSIFIED Purpose To provide instruction on SOF partnership, with respect to Operation Dalayran, addressing critical aspects of CJSOTF-A partnership efforts with Afghan Ministry of Interior (MoI) and Ministry of Defense (MoD) elements to assist leaders prepare for OEF-A. 3 CJSOTF-A Partnership Key Tasks: a.Build capability and capacity in Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) partners though focused training and ANSF population-centric COIN operations. b.Establish and expand Village Stability Operations (VSO) in key rural areas. c.Train and promote legitimacy of VSO through sub-national governance. - Annex O - Partnership, COMCJSOTF-A OP Dalayran 12 - 001, 15 February 2012.

4. Village Stability Operations & Afghan Local Police & Afghan Local Police “Mobilizing Rural Communities versus the Insurgents” UNCLASSIFIED 4

5. VSO Innovation: Consider the population as a resource that can protect itself, and if offered a viable choice to defend themselves, they will. Security Stability Prosperity This changes the COIN mantra of “protect the population” UNCLASSIFIED 5

6. Tache d’huille Oil-Spot Theory Village Stability Operations A visual progression David GalulaLouis Hubert Lyautey Joseph Simon Gallieni UNCLASSIFIED 6

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17. 1Gizab, Day Kundi 2KhasUruzgan,Uruzgan 3Shindand, Herat 4Arghandab, Kandahar 5Pusht-e Rod, Farah 6Bermel, Paktika 7Dand Patan, Paktiya 8Chamkani, Paktiya 9Khas Kunar, Kunar 10Kunduz, Kunduz 11Pul-e Khumri, Baghlan 12Kajran, Dai Kundi 13Deh Rawud, Uruzgan 14Chorah, Uruzgan 15 Jaji, Paktiya 16Qadis, Badghis 17Maruf, Kandahar 18ShahidHasas,Uruzgan 19Nahr-e Sarai,Helmand 20Shah Joy, Zabul 21Darqad, Takhar 22Chara Darah, Kunduz 23Kwajah Ghar, Takhar 24Imam Sahib, Kunduz 25Dashte Archi, Kunduz 26Jalrayz, Wardak 27Nerkh, Wardak 28Maiden Shahr,Wardak 29Sayyidabad, Wardak 30Daymirdad, Wardak 31Jaghtoo, Wardak 32Chak-e, Wardak 33Ghosta, Nangarhar 34Kama, Nangarhar 35Kuz Kunar, Nangarhar 36Orgun, Paktika 37Jani Khel, Paktika 38Qaisar, Faryab 39Khakrez, Kandahar 40Marjha, Helmand 41Musa Qelah, Helmand 42Nad Ali, Helmand 43Morgab, Baghdis 44Gullistan, Farah 45Khaki Safed, Farah 46Quesh Tepah, Jowzjan 47Darzab, Jowzjan 48Sayad, Sar-e Pul 49Kohistanar, Sar-e Pul 50Ghormach, Faryab 51Khawar, Logar 52Sarobi, Paktika 53Zhargun Shar, Paktika 54Achen, Nangarhar 55Maiwand, Kandahar 56Shawali Kot,Kandahar 57Argestan, Kandahar 58Panjway, Kandahar 59Nawbahar, Zabul 60Shinkay, Zabul 61Deh Chopan, Zabul 62Barg-e Matal, Nuristan 63Kamdesh, Nuristan 64Arghandab, Zabul 65Nejrab, Kapisa 66Tagab Kapisa, Kapisa 67B-E-J, Baghlan 68Bakwah, Farah 69Zharay, Kandahar 70Bala Boluk, Farah 71Andal, Ghazni 72Qarabah, Ghazni 73Sarobi, Kabul 74Ghorband, Parwan 75Gulran, Heart 76Mather Lam, Laghman 77Dahanah ye Guri, Baghlan 78Musahi, Kabul 79Nawah, Ghazni 80Gelan, Ghazni 81Chowkey, Kunar 82Narang, Kunar 83Sar Hawza, Paktika 84Laha Ahmadkhel, Paktiya 85Sangin, Helmand 86Kabul ALP HQ 87Garm Ser, Helmand 88NawahyeBarak, Helmand 89Sarkani, Kunar 90TarnakwaJaldak, Zabul 91Koh-e-Safi, Parwan 92Obeh, Heart 93Azrah, Logar 94Pul-e-Alam, Logar 95Parjan, Panjshir 96Chimtal, Balkh 97Chahar Bolak, Balkh 98Pusht-e-Koh, Farah 99Lal Pur, Nangarhar 100Yaya Khel, Paktika 17 UNCLASSIFIED 75 50 46 47 77 25 23 49 22 24 63 62 33 34 35 54 76 30 73 61 60 72 37 51 71` 31 32 68 70 44 95 82 81 87 98 92 85 88 90 80 79 100 83 91 78 93 84 94 03 45 16 41 19 05 39 10 55 67 11 56 38 48 43 42 04 64 40 18 12 01 13 02 58 14 57 17 69 27 74 36 26 53 06 52` 29 59 20 15 65 66 07 08 09 97 96 21 99 89 ALP UPDATE: 29 FEB 2012 28 UNCLASSIFIED ALP WEEKLY DISPOSITION PreviousCurrent+/- 1209412381+287 TASHKIL WEEKLY DISPOSITION Last Validation 08 FEB 12 ValidatedNot Validated 5841 DISPOSITION LEGEND Filled Tashkil ALP INCREASE ALP DECREASE NO CHANGE BSO ALP Projected Val UNCLASSIFIED ALP Update: 29 FEB 12

18. ALP is working but not a panacea Fighting Season Insider Threat Attempts to Infiltrate ALP & ANSF Assassination planning (the bench) Death Threats, Night letters, Murder & Intimidation, SAF, IED Uncertainty about the future Tired of the violence MoD and/or MoI CIP / CBSS / ISCI sunset VSO, Transition & Overwatch Corollary: ALP validation by phase 2014 68K? 352K? Parwan incident – half full SOF Two-Star (more later?) VSO oversight & accountability ALP through FY14 – likely later also COMISAF intent for ALP to endure ALP program size 30K or more ALP: Good guys want ALP: Bad guys hate (ID’ed & confront) Did you know? ISAF & IJC REFs are IN-PLACE DCOM SOF is in NTM-A/CSTC-A PKMs & ammo Motorcycles & C-IED Winter clothing in ALP equip tashkil UNCLASSIFIED 18 Theater Update

19. 1.Power IS the people – Rural Areas are Afghanistan 2.New campaign context – less time, fewer forces, politics, risk 3.SOF is ISAF’s “enduring set” for PIE. Where will SOF be? 4.CF Partnering to SFA, ANSF into fore – security responsibility 5.MoI Positive on ALP – but pressure for tashkils by phase 6.Trad VSO & District-Down VSO – more with less, consolidation 7.Accelerated ALP Validation (training, IPT, transition) 8.Transition ALP partnering to MoI DCoP, shift to overwatch 9.Kaleidoscope – VSO, ALP partnering, overwatch & transition 10.SOF and GPF – greater integration, fewer forces. Allies. UNCLASSIFIED 19 Deployment Themes

20. 1.Things are changing, be flexible, you will likely move 2.Know the references & use the processes 3.Bottom-up is now more top-down directed 4.Personal relationships & support in the rural areas (FP & EW) 5.Coordinate with TF & Integrate with BSO & SFATs (process) 6.Oversight & Accountability – VSO and also in overwatch? 7.Log/sustainment & enablers -- LIMFAC 8.Come in HUMINT heavy, BYO ISR, TECH, C-IED, paying agents 9.Organic enablers (CST, CA, MISO, MWD, CS, CSS) 10.CDO & ANASF – “get them on the ground” 20 UNCLASSIFIED 20 What You Should Do…

21. UNCLASSIFIED CJSOTF-A Partnership “The principal objective of the Combined Joint Special Operations Task Force-Afghanistan (CJSOTF-A) partnership methodology is to build Afghan National Security Force (ANSF) capacity to conduct unilateral security Operations.” - CJSOTF-A “Partnership Methodology”, 01 April 2010. CJSOTF-A conducts FID through two lines of operation: - Village Stability Operations - Partnership (Assess, Train, Employ, Re-assess) CJSOTF-A Partnership Tenants: Train advise, and assist Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) in connecting GIRoA influence to the village level to promote stability. Build capacity from individual to collective skills of VSO partners and ANSF with employment up to the BN level. Assisting (through, with & by) VSO partners and ANSF in mitigating the effects of power brokers, malign actors, and negative / INS influencers. All actions move the partner unit toward transition to unilateral operations. CJSOTF-A Mission: CJSOTF-A Conduct Foreign Internal Defense (FID) throughout Combined Joint Operational Area - Afghanistan (CJOA-A) to build a sustainable and independently capable Government of Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA) capacity for security, governance, and development. Capacity Building

22. UNCLASSIFIED 22 As of 24 JAN 12 Special Operations Advisory Group

23. UNCLASSIFIED ANA SOC School of Excellence SOAG Lines of Operations 23 UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO 1.FORCE GENERATION (SOE) Increase output ASAP to facilitate ANA SOF Tashkil fills POIs to professionalize the force through advanced skills training and leadership development 2.MENTORING AND TRAINING (SOAG) Development of Mentorship program Professionalize the ANASOC Staff Streamline and integrate staff functions within ANASOC Partnership 3. EXPANDING CAMP MOREHEAD AS AN ENDURING USSOF PRESENCE Infrastructure / Facilities Communications Architecture Force Protection Capacity Building As of 24 JAN 12

24. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO ANA SOC School of Excellence SOAG Organization 24 UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO COALITION = 113 PAX CONTRACTOR = 134 PAX

25. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO ANA SOC School of Excellence Commander Platoon Leader Course SOE Commando Qualification Course Warrior Leader Course AIDO Specialty Skills English Course Special Forces Qualification Course Leadership Courses Instructor Training Course Produces, trains, and educates ANASF/CDO in basic and advanced skills Provides professional development for NCO and Officer Corps Develops and updates doctrine and training for Commandos and ANASOC Gathers, analyzes, and stores lessons learned from training and operations to develop Tactics, Techniques, or Procedures (TTPs) or update doctrine Maintains and updates Program of Instruction (POI) and Lesson Plans (LP) for SOE Courses SOE Task Organization 25 UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO

26. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO 26 SOE Afghan Instructor Cadre CDO Qualification Course – 95% Afghan Run – Plan and run all courses and exercises with minimal mentor oversight – Require CF support in logistics and maintenance Leadership Courses (2 Courses) – 95% Afghan Run – Teach all courses and exercises – Rely on CF support for logistical and maintenance support Specialty Courses (8 Courses) – 50% Afghan Run – Assist teaching most of the class material and exercises. Rely on mentors for advanced classes and math literacy – Rely on CF support for logistical and maintenance support SF Qualification Course – 44% Afghan Run – Rely heavily on CF support for overall planning, scheduling, execution, logistical, supply, and maintenance – SOE SFQC instructor cadre Tashkil will be 100% by Mar 2012 UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO

27. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO CDOQC 10 Week Program 27 Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Weapon BRM Basic Land Advanced CQB Advanced Vehicle Advanced FTX Intro SUT Nav M-4 SUT mounts / SUT dismounts Specialty Skills 4 Week Program inside CDOQC starts Week 6 and goes through Week 9 1/3 of CDO’s attending the 4 week Specialty Skills program miss 1 week CQB, 1 week of Vehicle mounts/dismounts and 2 weeks of Advanced SUT. 8 Courses – Specialty Skills 4 Week Programs include: -Commo - network procedures, antennas, -Sniper - map reading, land navigation -Recon - battle drills, map reading, -FO - radio operations, adjustment formulas, -FSC - land navigation, field transmissions, -Medical - environmental injuries, medical reporting, -Mortar - advanced small deflection, advanced large deflection -Engineer - math literacy, specific charge construction Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO

28. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO 28 SFQC 10 Week Program Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 6 Week MOS Phase No SOPC needed because all candidates will be graduates of CDOQC SFQC focus on filling ODA’s. However, SF qualified pax can fill CDO KDK’s until more ODA’s are needed Attrition of previous classes were as follows: (Class 1-3, 6 CDO only) Class 001: 80 began; 72 Graduated; 10% Attrition Class 002: 81 began; 57 Graduated; 30% Attrition Class 003: 156 began; 110 Graduated; 30% Attrition Class 004: 275 began; 135 Graduated; 51% Attrition Class 005: 320 began; 107 Graduated; 66% Attrition Class 006: 231 began; 184 Graduate; 21% Attrition *** Pass rate: CDO’s = 81-90% pass rate/Non-CDO’s = 17% Selection COIN MOS SUT CULEX In-processing Wk 0 Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk 4 Wk 5 Wk 6 Wk 7 Wk 8 Wk 9 Wk 10

29. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO AIDO MOS TRAINING (SFQC) Face to Face Interviews Situational Awareness Product Dissemination Intro to AIDO Persuasion Photograhpy Afghan Information Dissemination Operations Sergeant (6-Week) 29 AIDO Assessment (Rapid & Deliberate) Dealing with Media Media Selection Print Media Selection Class Troop Leading Procedures (TLP) Afghan Counter Propaganda KLE Face to Face Area Assessment PE Radio in a Box Radio Station PE Intro to SSE Intro to Objective Site Exploitation Biometrics Sketching Collections Vehicle Search Compound Search Personal Search SSE PE (CULEX) TCCC Round Robin C-IED Round Robin MOS Cross Training

30. UNCLASSIFIED Combining Adaptive and Technical strategies to professionalize the force Mentorship Adaptive Technical Ethics/Values TTPs, Professional Military Education OLD NEW Knowledge / Skills based engagement Control Statement Direct Personal Values based engagement Influence Question Indirect Objective Ethically Sound / Professionally Competent Mentorship Program 30

31. UNCLASSIFIED ANASOC Leadership Development LEADER ANA VALUES Pillars of Mentorship Assessment Presence Military Bearing Physically Fit Confident Resilient Intellectual Capacity Mental Agility Innovation Interpersonal Tact Domain Knowledge Leads Leads Others Extends Influence beyond Chain of Command Leads by Example Communicates Develops Creates a Positive Environment Prepares Self Develops Others Achieves Gets Results Character Loyalty Country Courage Duty Respect Integrity Honor Service ATTRIBUTES COMPETENCIES 31

32. UNCLASSIFIED 32 ANA SOF Logistics

33. UNCLASSIFIED ANA SOF Logistics (Current) Decree 4.0 ANA Requisition/FillANASOC Requisition Routing/Fill Chain CDO/ANASF Specific/Mission Essential Equipment *SOK/GSK has limited Storage Capability ANASOC LNO with LSOC ANA still provide basic sustainment Note: The “Red” arrows denote outside the established decree actors/influences in the requisition process Corp G4,CMD NO ANASF GS/G4 GS/G4 Signature 2 Month Timeline MoD 9 Tracking # Corp Redirects Pilfering 33

34. UNCLASSIFIED ANA SOF Logistics (Future) New Regional Logistic Supply Center CDO/ANASF Specific/Mission Essential Equipment *SOK/GSK has limited Storage Capability ANA still provide basic sustainment Maintain support with ANA/RLSC ANASF will fall under CDO UIC/MODDAC Have SOK LNO within RLSC Flexibility to use ANASOC system if no/limited supplies available Internal capability buys time for MOD to implement new supply system Puts onus on Afghans for support/faith in system 34

35. UNCLASSIFIED MOD & MOI Log Differences 35

36. UNCLASSIFIED ANA SOF Logistics Continued Additional Log assets Bulk Purchase Agreement (BPA) – Allocated Afghan money for local purchase of items to support units Requested by ODAs through RLCs: batteries, furniture, FP materials etc… Push Letters – Generated by CSTC-A for fill of Tashkil shortage items Generated by CSTC-A with ANA Corp priority – not ANASOF Foreign Military Sales (FMS) – Requested by oversight unit through CSTC-A for approval and purchase Accountability CDOs converted to Decree 4.2 property books Working towards Sensitive Items Inventories IAW with 4.2 EUM/TIGR mandatory inspections – Compliance Agreement US/Afghan Current issues/concerns CDO Turnover - internal Halal Meal contract renewal – ANA/ MOD NVG Maintenance Class IX parts – Prescribed Load Lists Tashkil Fill – Up Armored HMMWV (M1151) Facilities 36

37. UNCLASSIFIED Intermission

38. UNCLASSIFIED ANASOC ANASOC Core Tasks: Direct Action (DA) Operations Internal Defense (ID) Operations Civil Military Operations (CMO) Information Dissemination (AIDO) CJSOTF-A Partnership: Afghan National Army Special Forces (ANASF): SOF elements that are OPCON to CJSOTF-A partner with ANASF ODAs and AOBs to ensure growth and development IAW the ANASOC Decree and MoD ciphers conduct operations ISO the GIRoA national security strategy. Commando (CDO): SOF elements that are OPCON to CJSOTF-A partner with CDO Kandaks (KDK) to ensure growth and development IAW the ANASOC Decree and MoD ciphers conduct operations ISO the GIRoA national security strategy. The School of Excellence: The SOE is comprised of the Afghan National Army Special Operations Qualification Course (ANASFQC), Commando Qualification Course (CQC), ANASOC cadre, and SOF element cadre. It is located at Camp Morehead, Kabul. The purpose of Afghan National Army Special Operations Command (ANASOC) is to defend the rights and principals of the Greater Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA) from terrorist and insurgent violence. Mission: The mission of ANASOC is to organize, recruit, man, train, educate, equip, and deploy all ANASOC forces in order to conduct operations in support of the GIRoA national security strategy. - ANASOC Decree, dated 02 January 2011 38

39. UNCLASSIFIED ANASOC Commandos (CDO) CDOs are regionally aligned and deployed to nine locations across CJOA-A. CDOs are a rapidly deployable and highly mobile elite light infantry force. CDO training mirrors that of US Army Rangers; they function as an elite light infantry assault force. Partnered with SOF teams for training and operations. Operational cycle facilitates employment of one reinforced CDO company per CDO KDK. CDO Core Tasks : Attack: Search and attack, special purpose attacks; raids and ambushes, target interdictions. Defend: Area and mobile defense. Reconnaissance and Security: cordon & search, area security, route, zone, area. Stability Operations: Counterinsurgency (COIN), Combat Terrorism (CT), Support to Counternarcotics (CNT) Operations. Mission: CDOs conduct specialized light infantry operations in support of regional corps counterinsurgency operations, and provide a strategic response capability for the GIRoA. - ANASOC Decree, dated 02 January 2011 39

40. UNCLASSIFIED ANASOC ANA Special Forces (ANASF) ANASF training mirrors that of the US Army Special Forces. ANASF have an inherent knowledge of the terrain and language permitting them to interact and understand local dynamics in a way no outsider can. Small, rapidly deployable, highly mobile, extremely adaptable, light infantry team deployed to conduct internal defense operations. Partnered with USSOF teams for training and operations. Deployed regionally, and integrated into each of the regional Corp’s area of responsibility to promote security, stability. The purpose of Afghan National Army Special Forces (ANASF) is to increase the GIRoA’s ability to conduct COIN operations, by, with, and through Afghan Security Forces and Afghan Local Police (ALP). Mission: Special Forces are organized, trained, and equipped to conduct Special Operations (SO) with an emphasis on Stability and Internal Defense. - ANASOC Decree, dated 02 January 2011 ANASF Core Tasks : Internal Defense (ID) Direct Action (DA) Special Reconnaissance (SR) Counterinsurgency (COIN) Civil Military Operations (CMO) 40

41. UNCLASSIFIED ANASOC Re-Structure w/ Enablers 41 As of 24 JAN 12

42. UNCLASSIFIED Afghan Local Police (ALP) In August 2010, the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA) Ministerial Tashkil Decree 3196 authorized the establishment, fielding, and resourcing of Afghan Local Police (ALP) through the MoI to provide security in rural villages. - GIRoA Ministerial Tashkil Decree 3196, August 2010 The ALP program is a key subcomponent of the security line of operation in VSO. The program mobilizes rural communities to establish a self defense force to counter insurgent influence and promote stability at the sub-national level. - CJSOTF-A Afghan Local Police (ALP) Overview, 15 February 2012 Nomination: ALP Guardians are members of the local community nominated and vetted by the traditional village or district shura (or jirgha). Resourcing: ALP are resourced (pay, uniforms, AK47s, radios and light tactical vehicles) by the MoI. The District Chief of Police (DCoP) accounts for ALP property. Accountability: ALP numbers / resources are determined by district Tashkils (MTOE) ALP are validated by the District Governor (DGoV), district shura members, and ANSF leadership during a Validation Ceremony. The DCoP provides direct MoI oversight of the ALP program. ALP are biometrically enrolled through MoI in-processing. Training: USSOF provides a standardized 3-week training POI for ALP that builds basic competency in the use of their weapons, equipment, small unit operations, and rule of law. Employment: ALP Guardians provide defensive based security around the immediate confines of their village or population center. ALP never act in an offensive capacity or deploy outside the limits of their district.

43. UNCLASSIFIED 43 CJSOTF-A Informal Partnerships Success in VSO is defined by the departure of Coalition Forces elements from districts and villages after Afghans assume control of security, government and development, which extends GIRoA influence and support into previously isolated population centers. - CJSOTF-A Village Stability Methodology 15 February 2012 Informal Partnerships are required to nest security efforts and to ensure Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) are formally integrated and are under the control of the appropriate civilian sub-national government entity. CJSOTF-A informal partnerships occur with GIRoA CIV/MIL (MoI / MoD) representatives at the provincial, district, and village level: Village Shura, District Governor (DGov) / Provincial Governor (PGov) District Chief of Police (DCoP) / Provincial Chief of Police (PCoP) Afghan National Army (ANA) Commanders National Directorate of Security (NDS) Representatives Transition to GIRoA responsibility is the goal of all CF partnership efforts. SOF element assessments of the unique conditions at each VSP site determine the feasibility of sustainability of transition of VSO lines of operation to GIRoA.

44. UNCLASSIFIED Questions? Decisive to Operation NAWEED, for the Coalition, is the implementation of the conceptual shift to the ANSF assuming lead responsibility for security operations. - Joint Operation NAWEED 1391, 09 January 2012 44

45. UNCLASSIFIED a.ANASOC Decree, dated 02 January 2011 b.ANASOAG ANASOC force structure proposal brief for COMISAF, dated 02 September 2011. c.CJSOTF-A Afghan Local Police (ALP) Overview, dated 15 February 2012 d.CJSOTF-A “Partnership Methodology”, dated 01 April 2010 e.COMCJSOTF-A OP Dalayran 12-001, dated 15 February 2012 f.Joint Operation NAWEED 1391, dated 09 January 2012 g.GIRoA Ministerial Tashkil Decree 3196, dated August 2010 References 45