Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byVernon Hines Modified over 9 years ago
1
The Periodic Table of Elements 1870 Dimitri Mendeleev 1 st orderly arrangement of elements Not all elements fit in order Left blanks were elements could be
2
IUPAC – most common version Period – rows of increasing atomic mass Group – columns of elements with similar properties 3 types of elements: Metals – good conductors; most elements Nonmetals – far right hand side Semiconductors/metalloids – stair step in between; conductors some situations
4
The Main Groups of Elements “Representative Elements”
5
Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids Metals - conductors of electricity, luster, malleable, reactive, solids Nonmetals - not conductors of electricity, reactive & non- reactive, gases, liquids and solids Metalloids - semiconductors, solids
6
7 major groups of elements Alkali metals Alkaline Earth Metals Transition Metals Metalloids Halogens Nobel Gases Lanthanide/Actinides
7
Alkali Metals Group 1 Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr Highly reactive with water, can burn in air Soft, shiny gray
8
Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2 Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra Harder, denser, stronger than alkali metals
9
Transition metals Found in middle of chart Place where “metals” are found
10
Metalloids Have properties of metals and nonmetals Aka: semiconductors Used in computer chips, can “print” electric circuits Ex: silicon/germanium
11
Halogens Found in group 17 F, Cl, Br, I, As Gases (Br liquid) and highly reactive Like to react with metals from groups 1 & 2
12
Nobel Gases Group 18 He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn Inert gases - aren’t reactive with other elements
13
Lanthanides and Actinides Found “pulled” out on the periodic chart Used in TV, computers Radioactive and used in nuclear energy plants and for bombs
14
Synthetic Elements Produced in laboratory Technetium and Promethium Used in “xray” machines
15
LABEL THE PERIODIC TABLE: Alkali Metals Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Halogens Halogens Noble Gases Noble Gases Semi-conductors Semi-conductors Transition metals Transition metals Lanthanides/Actinides Lanthanides/Actinides
17
Trends in the periodic table Size of atoms Increases from right to left Increases as go down a group
18
Trends in the periodic table Reactivity More reactive on “edges” (except grp 18) Left side – more reactive at bottom of group Right side – more reactive at top of group
20
Arrange these atoms from smallest to largest Sodium, chlorine, silicon, argon, magnesium Phosphorus, antimony, nitrogen, bismuth
21
Arrange these atoms from most reactive to least reactive Radium, calcium, beryllium, strontium, magnesium, barium Iodine, astatine, fluorine, bromine, chlorine Rubidium, ruthenium, calcium, selenium, chlorine, Xenon
Similar presentations
© 2024 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.