1. Evaluation of the resistance of bacterial pathogens of synopulmonary infections in children L.Chernyshova F.Lapiy National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education (Kyiv, Ukraine)

2. Background Bacterial resistance creates a challenge for clinicians from the viewpoint of correct and successful management of patients. Antibiotic resistance is an important consideration when treating bacterial infections and there is some evidence that resistance is becoming more widespread.

3. Background Etiologic diagnosis is often unreliable; consequently, clinicians must know epidemiology of respiratory infections for optimizing empiric antibiotic therapy. In recent years, all major respiratory bacterial pathogens have become more and more resistant to conventional antibiotics.

4. Background S.pneumoniae and H.influenzae are the two most important bacterial causes of respiratory infection. Penicillins and macrolides are the antibiotics most commonly used to treat such infections. Penicillin-resistant and even multiresistant pneumococci have spread worldwide Unfortunately, data on antibiotic resistance of S. pneumoniae or Hib in Ukraine are limited

5. Background Pneumonia, septicemia, meningitis are considered an important public health problem in Ukraine Lack of evidence of Hib disease burden in Ukraine has delayed the introduction of vaccines

6. Background Hib conjugate vaccination was introduced in Ukraine in 2006. Mortality from pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia decrease more then 2 time then Hib vaccination was introduced According to the results of the case-control surveillance of Hib-vaccine effectiveness against pneumonia (sponsored by WHO) was more then 50%.

7. Background Vaccination against pneumococcal infections in children has not been introduced in Ukraine Healthcare providers have little information about pneumococcal infection (burden, resistence) and may not consider the vaccine a priority.

8. PCV vaccines in Ukraine PCV7 conjugate vaccine was licensed in Ukraine in 2010 PCV13 conjugate vaccine under registration

9. Objective To investigate the pathogenic bacterial spectrum responsible for respiratory infections and their drug resistance in children.

10. Our plans We are beginning research to study the burden of pneumococcal infection among children. We plan to explore the serotypes of S.pneumoniae, susceptibility to antibiotics, the prevalence of carriage of S.pneumoniae.

11. Expected benefits Information on the burden of pneumococcal infection, the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains will allow us to rationally use antibiotics in the treatment of respiratory infections and decide on the introduction of vaccination against pneumococcal infection

12. Welcome to collaboration!