2. North Sea Baltic Sea Bay of Biscay M e d I t e r r a n e a n S e a Adriatic Sea Aegean Sea Black Sea London 38/62 24 Warsaw 26/64 38 Moscow 16/63 47 North Atlantic Drift MARITIME CONTINENTAL CLIMATIC INFLUENCES D. Hardin Gulf Stream Berlin 31/64 33

3. CLIMATIC INFLUENCES Double Farmville’s precip. Farmville’s precip. 42.9” Greater than 110” Mean Annual Rainfall in Ireland Maritime influence Monthly hours of sunshine Approx. 15 days Approx. 16 days Northern Ireland England D. Hardin

4. CLIMATIC INFLUENCES Continental influence D. Hardin Napoleon, 1812 “General Winter” Hitler, 1941

5. D. Hardin CLIMATIC INFLUENCES Subtropical High H LLLLLL HHHH 0°0° 30° S 30° N

6. M e d I t e r r a n e a n S e a Adriatic Sea Aegean Sea Black Sea CLIMATIC INFLUENCES D. Hardin Subtropical High MEDITERRANEAN MARITIMECONTINENTAL

9. NATURAL VEGETATION Mediterranean D. Hardin Matorral - Spain Maquis – France - winter Macchia - Italy OlivesCork Maquis French resistance Maquis – France - summer

10. NATURAL VEGETATION Mediterranean D. Hardin Natural hazards Degraded landscapes Fire Greece Cervara di Roma Flooding

12. NATURAL VEGETATION Steppe D. Hardin Spain MoldovaUkraineRussia Kazakhstan Ukraine, 1942

14. NATURAL VEGETATION Prairie/Puszta D. Hardin

16. NATURAL VEGETATION Deciduous forest D. Hardin Argonne Forest Loire Valley France Croatia

18. NATURAL VEGETATION Alpine conifer forest Voges Schwartzwald D. Hardin Erzgebirge acid rain damage

20. NATURAL VEGETATION Boreal Forest/Taiga NorwayFinland Russia D. Hardin

22. NorwayRussia D. Hardin NATURAL VEGETATION Tundra

23. NATURAL VEGETATION Tundra Permafrost D. Hardin Russia

24. D. Hardin Jarkov mammoth ARCTIC BIOMES Tundra Human use issues permafrost

26. NATURAL VEGETATION Heath/Moor D. Hardin Scotland England