1. J. Anthony Cavell, PLS, CFedS Louisiana State University, C4G

2.  Currently GNSS's are GPS and GLONASS, Galileo is planned  They supplant earlier systems  Transit, STARFIX®  Omega, LORAN, Decca VOR, Del Norte, Motorola, Cubic, EDM  Microwave (Autotape, MiniRanger, Microfix)  Beacons, Lighthouses, Tape, Sextant, Transit, Compass, Clock

4. USACE

10.  Differential  Two receivers and a reference  Real-Time Differential  Two receivers a reference and a radio  National DGPS  Coast Guard and Corps beacons  WAAS adds to the mix  Local networks add value

11.  Static baselines  Two or more receivers  Kinematic (poor performance)  Post processing risky  Real-Time Kinematic  Add radio and reduce risk

12.  Static baselines & Kinematic  CORS provide reliable tie to NSRS  Real-Time Kinematic  Local networks add precision  Ties to NSRS add accuracy

13.  CORS provide confident network tie to NSRS  National CORS embedded in Network  Network data supports numerous scientific, engineering and surveying endeavors  Geology, Weather, Deformation, Construction

14.  A challenging environment for surveyors  Towers used to extend surveys  Radio ranging followed early-on  Only private satellite navigation system, STARFIX®  NavBeacon use adopted early  Static GPS brought survey control to the marsh  Real-time kinematics methods enhanced topo, subsurface and boundary surveys  Subsidence renders benchmarks unreliable!

15.  LSU C4G deploys GULFNet in cooperation with national CORS program  NOAA/NGS reports that La. BM’s “unreliable.”  Seed planted to develop GULFNet Real-Time System (GRTS)

17.  C4G research provided crucial NOAA TR-50  NGS used TR-50 to “validate” 80+ BMs after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita  By 2006 many more stations were added  National Weather Service uses GULFNet data to improve forecasts  In 2007 dream of LSU GRTS became reality  2008 LSU C4G, GULFNet and GRTS cover the borders of the state except offshore.

19.  GULFNet provides better ties to the NSRS  GRTS provides construction, topo, hydro and navigation with heretofore unheard of speed and accuracy  The complex behavior of Louisiana geology will be measurable, reliably  … and much, much more.

21. J. Anthony Cavell, PLS, CFedS LSU C4G