2. Ministry of Forests Resources Inventory Branch Growth and Yield Section Provincial PSP Training - Establishment June 2001 June 2001

3. Agenda Day 1 Thursday Office Establishment procedures Electronic data collection Using GyHost 2001 Day 2 Friday Field Establishment procedures Using GyHand 2001

4. Overview ý Purpose –Monitor »Mortality »Rate of growth »Change in structure –Calibrate and validate models ý Location –Remeasured every ten years –Accurate access notes (sketch map & description of tie point) –Include map and air photo reference

5. Tie Point Marker Tie Point Marker Two plaques on tie tree that is flagged and painted CENTRE FOR GROWTH Sample No.____ Plot No.____ TIE POINT FOR GROWTH Sample No._12_ Plot No. _1_ Bearing _____ 42 (azimuth)_ Distance ___82 m_____ R. No. _46_ Comp. No. _25_ Date ___Sept. 10, 2001____ NATURAL ! MANAGED ! INST. NO.___ B.C.F.S. FOREST INVENTORY BRANCH CENTRE FOR GROWTH SA. TYPE ___ INST. NO.___ SAMPLE NO. __ PLOT NO.__ -------------------------------------------- TIE POINT FOR GROWTH SA. TYPE _G_ INST. NO.____ SAMPLE NO.12_PLOT NO. _1_ BEARING ______ 42(azimuth)_____ DISTANCE ____82 m____ ------------------------------------------- REG. NO. __46_COMP. NO. _25_ DATE ____Sept 10, 2001____ B.C.F.S. FOREST INVENTORY BRANCH

6. Minimum Distances TP PC Harvested 50 meters to disturbance or road stand height Lake

7. Tie Point Access Notes should describe tie tree and tie line Select distinctive tie point The tie line must be painted and flagged with annotated flagging TP predetermined horizontal distance plot centre may be moved predetermined bearing

8. Plot Centre Marker Plot Centre Marker Two plaques on opposite sides of tree aligned with the tie line. CENTRE FOR GROWTH Sample No._12_ Plot No._1_ TIE POINT FOR GROWTH Sample No.____ Plot No. ___ Bearing _________________ Distance _________________ R. No. __46_ Comp. No. _25_ Date ___Sept 10, 2001_____ NATURAL ! MANAGED ! INST. NO.___ B.C.F.S. FOREST INVENTORY BRANCH CENTRE FOR GROWTH SA. TYPE __G_ INST. NO.___ SAMPLE NO. _12_ PLOT NO._1_ -------------------------------------------- TIE POINT FOR GROWTH SA. TYPE ___ INST. NO.____ SAMPLE NO.___PLOT NO. ___ BEARING _________________ DISTANCE ________________ ------------------------------------------- REG. NO. __46_COMP. NO. _25_ DATE ____Sept 10, 2001____ B.C.F.S. FOREST INVENTORY BRANCH

9. Plot Centre & TP Marker A plot centre tree may be a tie tree to another sample in a strip CENTRE FOR GROWTH Sample No._12_ Plot No._1_ TIE POINT FOR GROWTH Sample No._13_ Plot No. 1__ Bearing ____42 (azimuth)_ Distance _____82 m____________ R. No. __46_ Comp. No. _25_ Date ___Sept 10, 2001_____ NATURAL ! MANAGED ! INST. NO.___ B.C.F.S. FOREST INVENTORY BRANCH CENTRE FOR GROWTH SA. TYPE __G_ INST. NO.___ SAMPLE NO. _12_ PLOT NO._1_ -------------------------------------------- TIE POINT FOR GROWTH SA. TYPE _G_ INST. NO.____ SAMPLE NO._13PLOT NO. _1_ BEARING ____42_(azimuth)________ DISTANCE ____82 m________ ------------------------------------------- REG. NO. __46_COMP. NO. _25_ DATE ____Sept 10, 2001____ B.C.F.S. FOREST INVENTORY BRANCH

10. The Plot Minimum 90 living trees Sizes 0.04 ha 11.28 m 0.05 ha 12.62 m 0.06 ha 13.82 m 0.07 ha 14.93 m 0.08 ha 15.96 m 0.09 ha 16.93 m 0.1 ha 17.84 m commercial & non-commercial >4.0 cm Exception

11. A 0.08 ha Plot A 0.08 ha Plot Divide the plot into eight 0.01 ha sectors (45 degrees) These will serve as tagging sectors and 0.01 ha site sectors Sector 1 is clockwise from North bearing N 1

12. The Plot N 1

13. A 0.08 ha Plot (8 sectors) N 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8

14. Centre sector (0.01 ha) N 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 Cs

15. The Plot The Plot Start tagging from plot centre to perimeter in 1st sector clockwise from North N 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8

16. The Plot The Plot Tagging pattern flows from sector to sector N 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8

17. The Plot The Plot Tags face plot centre for odd sectors and plot perimeter for even sectors N 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8

18. Tree Measurements  Species (commercial and non-commercial)  DBH (for plot trees) –>4.0 cm at 1.3 meters (Up hill side)  Classification –Tree Class (pathological indicators) »1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 –Crown class (position in the crown relative to other trees) »1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and ( 6 ) –Live crown length (contiguous live crown) »10% to 100% (in 10% increments)  Sectors (tagging and site) ý Stumps ‘O’ or ‘N’ ý Damage Agents and Severity (tree and sample) ý Suitable for height?

19. Sample Setup ý Centre stake flagged and cairn of rocks for protection ý Triangulate (bearing and horizontal distance from plot centre) centre stake to three tagged healthy plot reference trees near plot centre ý Confirm slope corrected plot perimeter ý String perimeter and sectors ý Ensure nails on plaques and tree tags will allow for growth ý Record plot attributes (crown closure, slope, aspect, elevation, slope position, damage to reflect tree damage)

20. What is a Dead Tree? Alive? ý Any tree with one or more green needles ý Bark may or may not appear to be alive Note: Use tree comments for questionable trees!

21. Dead Trees  Standing trees >10.0 cm dbh and >1.3m in height –Tag, measure DBH and classify dead tree attributes Dead Tree Attributes ý Tree number and tree number certainty ý Species & species certainty ý Vertical position (standing or down) ý If standing: broken top and height to break ý If down: supported or on the ground ý Wildlife tree appearance (1 - 7) Appendix 22

22. Cross Section of 1/2 Wrap nail and tag second nail

23. Forks and Non-forks Below dbh Cross Section showing pith at germination point

24. Tagging Forked Trees D.B.H. A B C A = 2.4 cm If ‘B” in subplot B = 24.8 cm Yes C = 6.5 cm Yes

25. The Sub Plot N Minimum Size 0.002 ha (2.52 m radius) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 Maximum Size plot size. Minimum 20 commercial stems 0.3 m in ht. to 3.9 cm DBH

26.  Target is 20 commercial trees –0.3 m in height to 3.9 cm in DBH  For trees 2.0 cm to 3.9 cm in DBH –Tag and classify as in plot –Insert near tree number as out of sequence  For trees under 2.0 cm in DBH –Do a dot count by species and “class” 0.3 to 1.3 m in height - [D Class = 0] 0.1 to 1.9 cm in DBH - [D Class = 1] The Sub-Plot

27. ýFor first two majors –Top height tree (software selected in centre sector “C”) –Site trees (software selected in site sectors) »4 - 10 (proportionate to plot size / 0.01 ha) »Must be “suitable” »no substitution! –Fifteen others (down to 2.0cm dbh) ýOther majors, minor and scattered –Up to fifteen if suitable and available Mark direction for height with painted dot Height Sample Trees

28. Top Height Tree ý Largest dbh tree in a 0.01ha plot (Centre sector “C”) Measurement specific  Suitability –Crown class 1 or 2 (not suppressed or residual) –No major defects (healthy) –Within 5% of original height (no major top damage)  No substitution!

29. Site Trees ý Largest dbh tree per 0.01ha plot (software will select from site sectors) –Collect for the first two leading major species Measurement specific  Suitability –Crown class 1 or 2 (not suppressed or residual) –No major defects (healthy) –Within 5% of original height (no major top damage)  No substitution!

30. Age Sample Trees Breast Height Age ý ‘Top height tree’  Site Trees – In complex stands - two more from younger trees – Confirm veteran age – Save cores in labelled straw (sample + tree number) – Want half of the cores to have pith – Measure 5, 10, 20 radial increment – Assess for suppression – Estimate age for rotten cores – Count/confirm ages in office with magnification

31. Standards Live Trees  Species (genus) [2] no error Species (genus) [2] no error ý Missed Plot Trees[2]no error within plot + 0.5% of plot/sub-plot radius Missed Plot Trees[2]no error within plot + 0.5% of plot/sub-plot radius ý Breast Height[1]+ 5.0cm of true height Breast Height[1]+ 5.0cm of true height ý DBH[2]+ 0.1cm or 1% DBH[2]+ 0.1cm or 1% ý Height [2]+ 20 cm or 2% Height [2]+ 20 cm or 2% ý Age[1]+ 2 years or 2% Age[1]+ 2 years or 2%

32. Standards Dead Trees  Species (genus) [1/2] no error* Species (genus) [1/2] no error* ý Missed Trees[1/2] no error within plot + 0.5% of plot radius Missed Trees[1/2] no error within plot + 0.5% of plot radius ý Breast Height[1/2] + 5.0cm of true height Breast Height[1/2] + 5.0cm of true height ý DBH[1/2] + 0.2cm or 2% DBH[1/2] + 0.2cm or 2% ý Wildlife Tree [1/2] + 1 class Wildlife Tree [1/2] + 1 class * Applies to species certainty “1” and “2” only

33. Less than 2.0 cm dbh

35. Before You Go..  Run verification to ensure sample is complete Run verification to ensure sample is complete ý Ensure non-verifiable sample data is completed Ensure non-verifiable sample data is completed ý Remove all string and garbage Remove all string and garbage ý Complete tie line flagging and paint Complete tie line flagging and paint ý Confirm access, tie point and tie line information Confirm access, tie point and tie line information

36. GY Data Collecting, Editing and Reporting System Reports

37. Field Time

38. GyHand/GyHost Setup  In DOS or in Windows environment  CONFIG.SYS –buffers=24(or multiples of 8) –files=249 (79 for HH) or higher but odd number ý AUTOEXEC.BAT –prompt $p$g –path c:\;c:\dos

39. b = c x cos A Leaning Trees c\A2468101112141618 ****** % - <5% ** 5.0m 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.8 10.0m10.010.0 9.9 9.9 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.7 9.6 9.5 15.0m15.015.014.914.814.814.714.714.614.414.3 20.0m20.020.019.919.819.719.619.619.419.219.0 25.0m25.024.924.924.824.624.524.524.324.023.8 30.0m30.029.929.829.729.529.429.329.128.828.5 35.0m35.034.934.834.734.534.434.234.033.633.3 40.0m40.039.939.839.639.439.339.138.838.438.0 45.0m45.044.944.844.644.344.244.043.743.342.8 50.0m50.049.949.749.549.249.148.948.548.147.6 a A CB b c c A 20.999390 40.997564 60.994521 80.990268 100.984807 110.981627 120.978148 140.970296 160.961262 180.951057 cos A

40. Heights on Leaning Trees

41. Heights - Optimum Distances Height = 27.0 meters Allowable error ( + 2%) = >26.5 - < 27.5 meters 1 x ht 1.1 x ht 1.15 x ht 1.2 x ht 1.3 x ht 1.4 x ht 1.45 x ht 1.5 x ht 2 x ht 3 x ht 27x 96=25.9 27x 97=26.2 29x90=26.1 31x84=26.0 33x79=26.1 35x74=25.9 37x70=25.9 27x 98=26.5 29x91=26.4 31x85=26.4 33x80=26.4 35x75=26.3 37x71=26.3 39x67=26.1 40x65=26.0 54x48=25.9 81x32=25.9 27x 99=26.7 29x92=26.7 31x86=26.7 33x81=26.7 35x76=26.6 37x72=26.6 39x68=26.5 40x66=26.4 54x49=26.5 81x33=26.7 27x100=27.0 29x93=27.0 31x87=27.0 33x82=27.1 35x77=27.0 37x73=27.0 39x69=26.9 40x67=26.8 54x50=27.0 81x34=27.5 27x101=27.3 29x94=27.3 31x88=27.3 33x83=27.4 35x78=27.3 37x74=27.4 39x70=27.3 40x68=27.2 54x51=27.5 81x35=28.4 27x102=27.5 29x95=27.6 31x89=27.6 33x84=27.7 35x79=27.7 37x75=27.8 39x71=27.7 40x69=27.6 54x52=28.1 27x103=27.8 29x96=27.8 31x90=27.9 33x85=28.1 35x80=28.0 37x76=28.1 39x72=28.1 40x70=28.0 27x104=28.1 29x97=28.2 3x 2x1x True height Within the allowable error Within 3% Over twice the allowable error

42. If nothing seems to work …..

43. Help ! Richard Bott Computer Systems Consultant at (250) 361 – 3886 Will Smith MSRM, Resource Information Branch at (250) 356- 6853 Web page - http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/tib/vri/ip/index.html http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/tib/vri/ip/index.html GyHost on web at: http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/tib/vri/ip/software/index.html Growth & Yield Manuals (Version 2001) available at: http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/tib/vri/ip/standards/index.html