1. The European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation Agenda item 2: Summary of responses Presented by: Michel BORELY EUROCONTROL

2. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 2 Structure of this presentation 1.Presentation of the Guidelines V1.0 2.The consultation process 3.Way ahead

3. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 3 Content of the Guidelines Guidelines recognise the importance of both wind energy and air transport industries. Both have challenging objectives. The aim of the guidelines is to accommodate both. Guidelines remind the reader that ANSPs are legally responsible for the safe and expeditious movement of air traffic in their designated airspace. Guidelines are a technical document and do not advise on financial or legal aspects.

4. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 4 Content of the Guidelines The Guidelines do not provide detailed operational guidance. The Guidelines are not mandatory. The Guidelines are adaptable. Guidelines are limited to ATC surveillance.

5. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 5 Structure of the Guidelines The 3 components of the guidelines: 1.A process. 2.An assessment methodology. 3.A set of mitigation options. Promote the early and continuous discussion between wind energy developer and ANSP.

6. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 6 The process

7. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 7 The Methodology V1.0 Retains the 4-zone approach with clarifications: Zone 1: safeguarding area. Zone 2: is not a no-go area. But it requires a specific impact assessment – the scope and detail of which are to be agreed. Zone 3: simple and generic impact assessment is possible. Zone 4: free area. Zones 2, 3 and 4 are not annular bands.

8. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 8 PSR Zones ZoneZone 1Zone 2Zone 3Zone 4 Description0 - 500 m 500 m - 15 km and in radar line of sight Further than 15 km but within maximum instrumented range and in radar line of sight Anywhere within maximum instrumented range but not in radar line of sight or outside the maximum instrumented range Assessment Requirements Safeguarding Specific assessment Simple assessment No assessment

9. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 9 SSR Zones ZoneZone 1Zone 2Zone 4 Description0 - 500 m 500 m - 16 km but within maximum instrumented range and in radar line of sight Further than 16 km or not in radar line of sight Assessment Requirements SafeguardingSpecific assessmentNo assessment

10. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 10 Radar line of sight Radar line of sight calculation: The Guidelines do not recommend any tool. The Guidelines do not list available tools. However, a list of tools will be made available on the EUROCONTROL website. The tool must be agreed between wind energy and ANSP: Selected in accordance with the type of assessment, the required level of resolution and local conditions. Must be familiar to the ANSP.

11. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 11 Mitigation Options The Mitigation Options section has been improved: More comprehensive listing, Presentation improved. Mitigation options should be selected to: Maintain air traffic safety. Be cost-effective. Result in a net saving in terms of CO 2.

12. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 12 Mitigation options (Process) Apply the process described in the guidelines Provide surveillance input information Provide operational input information Initiate discussion on new projects

13. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 13 Mitigation options (PSR) Mitigations applicable to non cooperative surveillance (PSR): Blank PSR transmission in an azimuth sector Suppress PSR radar returns in range-azimuth sector Improve PSR anti wind turbine clutter capabilities Strengthen primary track initiation conditions Adapt PSR overload prevention facilities Upgrade PSR processing capabilities Upgrade PSR output interface capabilities In-fill PSR In-fill MSPSR (when developed)

14. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 14 Mitigation options (SSR) Mitigations applicable to cooperative surveillance (SSR): Blank SSR transmission in an azimuth sector In-fill SSR In-fill WAM In-fill ADS-B Improve SSR anti-reflection capabilities

15. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 15 Mitigation options (ATC Ops.) Mitigations applicable to ATC operations: Move ATC route Change airspace classification or apply Mandatory Transponder Zone (MTZ)

16. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 16 Mitigation options (wind energy project cont.) Mitigations applicable to wind energy project: Move wind turbine out of radar line of sight Move wind turbine out of critical areas Change wind farm layout Reduce number of wind turbines in radar line of sight Reduce wind turbine EM reflectivity

17. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 17 The consultation process Started 25 th June 2009 Six-month period up to 29 th January 2010 February-March 2010 processing of comments by the Wind Turbine Task Force Dedicated sub-group (10-11 th February 2010) Plenary WTTF meeting (25 th February 2010) Informal consultation with EWEA on a new draft. 29 th April 2010 Presentation of the results of the consultation process.

18. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 18 The consultation feedback 174 comments received from 12 organisations: Wind energy industry EWEA - 24 Radar industry Thales Air Systems (Fr) - 29 Consultant TNO (NL) - 5 Navcom (Germany) - 17 Pager Power (UK) - 56 EADS (Germany) - 1 KUL (Belgium) - 1 ANSP/CAA Belgocontrol - 10 Infratil (UK airports) - 10 AOA (UK airport association) - 10 UK CAA - 1 UK MoD - 10

19. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 19 Results of comment processing Of the 174 comments: 88 accepted or partially accepted (50.6%) 66 noted (37.9%) 20 rejected (11.5%) A detailed summary of responses will be published.

20. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 20 The families of comments 14 different categories of comments were identified: 1.Cosmetic 2.Cumulative impact 3.Document status 4.Document 015 5.Equations 6.Financial aspects 7.Line of sight 8.Mitigations 9.Operations 10.Process 11.Safety 12.Specific assessment vs. detailed/complex 13.Vocabulary 14.Zone definition

21. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 21 Cumulative impact Comment: Wind energy projects are often windfarms rather than single wind turbine projects. Assessment is based on single wind turbine assessment. Addition of explanations on how to assess cumulative impact of multiple wind turbines.

22. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 22 Document status Comment: Guidelines are not a mandatory document however they include « shall » statements. Explanation of the objectives of EUROCONTROL guidelines within the EUROCONTROL Regulatory and Advisory Framework (ERAF). Explanation of why « shall » may be included in non mandatory documents.

23. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 23 Document 015 Comment: Relationship with ICAO EUR Document 015 is unclear. ERAF foresees that EUROCONTROL Guidelines may supplement/clarify ICAO regional document. Relationships with Doc 015 explicitly stated.

24. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 24 Document 015 (Cont.) Doc 015 is based on one surface (i.e. 2 zones)

25. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 25 Document 015 (Cont.) If application is outside the BRA: no problem. If application infringes the BRA: engineering authority will conduct appropriate analysis based on theory, experience and existing conditions. But

26. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 26 Equations Comment: Alternative equations were proposed. Simplification when possible. Change of equation: rarely possible because the work and the agreement of the WTTF was based on these equations. In the future, if new equations are proved to be more accurate they could be included.

27. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 27 Financial aspects Comment: Clarify who should pay for mitigations These guidelines are a technical document and do not address financial aspects. Early discussions should help to minimise costs and to agree on the financial aspects. Cost/efficiency is one of the recommended criteria for mitigation selection.

28. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 28 Radar line of sight calculation (RLOS) Comment: Which RLOS tool should be used? Difficult to maintain an accurate and exhaustive list of tools in a document (will be posted on the EUROCONTROL website). Tool should be agreed, tool should be familiar to the ANSP so that he knows its limitations and drawbacks. Tool selection and parameterisation should depend on the level of accuracy needed. Guidelines require ANSP to inform which RLOS tool is in use.

29. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 29 Mitigations Comment: Are there priorities for the selection? Are there any other possible mitigations? Can a PSR be replaced by SSR? No priorities, but selection criteria are now defined: Maintain safety Cost/efficiency Net CO 2 saving Additional mitigations have been included. SSR should not be assumed as a mitigation for PSR.

30. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 30 Operations Comment: Focus the assessment on those areas where there may be operational impact. Combined technical and operational assessment Within the specific assessment, focus shall be put on where the technical impact may lead to an operational issue. Iterative approach rather than a waterfall approach.

31. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 31 Operations Comment: Provide criteria and methodology to support an operational assessment. One size does not fits all. Traffic configurations are different. Operational environments are different. … It is recognised as an area where the document could be developed further.

32. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 32 Process Comment: Improved interface with Surveillance Service Providers. Single Point Of Contact: Generic email address recommended. Be aware that multiple Surveillance Service Providers may operate in the same country (e.g. civil and military). Process input information: Requirements to provide the necessary information to support the assessment process.

33. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 33 Safety Comment: Aviation safety must not be affected. Safety is a paramount objective of the aviation industry. ANSP are legally responsible for the safe and expeditious movement of air traffic in their designated airspace.

34. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 34 Specific assessment vs. detailed/complex assessment Comment: Repeated reference to detailed or complex assessment is discouraging and could establish go/no-go mentality. Specific assessment introduced: Not based on generic criteria. Scope and level of detail are to be agreed. Not a no-go zone.

35. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 35 Zone definition Comment: The structure and nature of the Zones could be confusing. Zones are exclusive and are neither order of steps nor annular bands. Clarification of the zone limits (radar maximum range, radar line of sight). WTTF may agree new zone limits on the basis of new evidence or trial results.

36. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 36 Zone definition Examples are now included. Zone 4 Zone 3 Zone 2 15 km 103 km Visibility calculated at 320 m above radar ground level

37. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 37 Way ahead WTTF will propose to continue under an updated mandate : Maintain the guidelines taking into account feedback, new studies and experiments, Address other surveillance technologies (WAM, ADS-B, …), Wider representation: wind energy, radar manufacturers, etc. Meeting once a year.

38. Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010 38 Michel BORELY Secretary of the EUROCONTROL Wind Turbine Task Force EUROCONTROL Rue de la Fusée 96 B-1130 Bruxelles Phone+32 (0)2 729 11 61 Fax +32 (0)2 729 90 86 michel.borely@eurocontrol.int www.eurocontrol.int/surveillance