1. 1 Market-based DEMAND MANAGEMENT strategies Giovanni Andreatta, University of Padova Lorenzo Brunetta, Milan Polytechnic Un. Guglielmo Guastalla, Eurocontrol Amedeo Odoni, MIT Other Universities …

2. 2 Current focus on ATM: researchers + policymakers Constraint: –Maintain exceptionally high safety Aim: –Enhance system capacity Purpose: –Reduce Air Traffic congestion This is a loosing battle

3. 3 Congestion happens when demand is higher than capacity

4. 4 Idea Work not only on capacity issues but also on demand issues

5. 5 Demand management Currently: only administrative measures: slot limitations and allocation guidelines (risk of re- regulation) To be investigated: Economic measures: –Congestion tolls –Peak period pricing –Slot auctions –Slot trading –…

6. 6 Local Demand Management Local Airport Authorities manage demand through measures that combine: –Slot limitation –Slot coordination –Access pricing schemes Such measures are often mutually inconsistent and contradictory

7. 7 Conclusion The EU should provide clearly-articulated policies and guidelines To achieve this result, research on market-based Demand Management strategies is needed

8. 8 Example: Pricing of Air Traffic Routes Congestion may be lowered by redistributing flows of traffic: In time (scheduling) In space (rerouting) Do not impose rerouting. Use pricing instead.

9. 9 Rerouting by pricing Different actors have different perspective: (System) (individual) ATM authorities Airlines Collaborative approach is needed

10. 10 System perspective: Optimization problem System objective: reduce overall congestion Decision variables: Sectors prices Constraint: Total amount collected equal to a target value (sum of various ATM + ATC costs) Classical Optimization or Genetic Algorithms

11. 11 Airlines perspective Flight cost for airlines = Direct flight costs + Fees + Delays

12. 12 Collaborative process Scheduling + Routing Prices (+ Delay estimation) Airlines choices