1. Unit 4 Strategies for data collection in a data poor, budget and manpower limited situation By Peter Manning (FAO) Coastal Fisheries Policy and Planning Course, 28/01/08 – 8/02/08, Apia, Samoa Secretariat of the Pacific Community

2. Key strategic elements 1. Identify minimum information requirements 2. Internal or external sources 3. Characteristics of the sector 4. Active (you measure) or passive (they report) 5. Orthodox or alternative approach (proxy indicators)

3. Key strategic elements 6. Achieve cooperative mind of fishers and others 7. Complete enumeration or sampling

4. Strategy 1: Identify minimum information requirements. Review current use of fishery information - who are using info for what purpose If some data is not used, re-consider whether to collect them – keep “need to know” info, eliminate “nice to know” info. Redefine information requirements with stakeholders (users of information)

5. Strategy 2 (external sources) : Does information already exist outside of fisheries department Look for other data collecting institutions including non-fishery institutions Establish communication with them Ask for cooperation

6. Strategy 3 (Characteristics of the sub-sector) : 5 W 1H Who are in the sub-sector? What they are doing? Where are they located? Where do they operate? When do they operate? How do they operate?

7. Strategy 4 : Carefully choose the method - active or passive data collection Whether you measure or ask them to report

9. Processing Local Consumption Discards Own consumption Give-away Non-human consumption Auction/ Wholesale Export Catch Retail/ Market Landing Import Hotels/ Restaurants - Catch report/logbook - Observer report - Landing Report - Creel survey - Consumption survey - Auction invoice - Wholesalers Report - Report from plants - Sales record - Market surveys - Custom declaration - Export documents - Consumption survey - Purchase record Production flow and data collection

10. How can we trace this production path? Middlemen/women – Purchase from who and sell to whom – Purchase at where and sell where Surveys/reporting – Include the same questions as above in; landing survey/ creel survey Fish market survey/report Consumption survey

11. How can we trace this production path? (cont’d) Registration and license – Business license (hotels/restaurants/exporters) – Fish processing establishment registration – Trade permission Invoice/Record – Purchase record (retailers & hotels/restaurants) – Auction/Market invoice

12. Strategy 5 (Orthodox or alternative) : Be creative and flexible in considering viable options Think of best combination of intensive data collection to provide benchmarks and less intensive methods Use proxy indicators Use local knowledge.

13. Proxy indicators Population census H/H income & expenditure survey Fishing H/H- subsistence Fishing H/H- commercial Fishing H/H - both Identify Production of fish for own consumption Income from sales of fish Place to sell fish Market surveys Level of subsistence production Level of artisanal commercial production Monitor the trend of commercial production Routine

14. Strategy 6 (attain fishers’ cooperation ) : Incentives and trust are the key Community or Co-management (data provider =information users) Catch report as collateral for bank loan

15. 7. Complete enumeration or sampling: A model of inshore fisheries monitoring Comprehensive benchmark survey 0510 (year) Estimation based on benchmark information but maintain minimum efforts to monitor the trends Donor support