1. Sentire: A Framework for Building Middleware for Sensor and Actuator Networks IEEE PerCom 2005 – PerSeNS Workshop Kauai Island, HawaiiMarch 8-12, 2005 Joel W. Branch Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute – Troy, NY John Davis, Daby Sow, and Chatschik Bisdikian IBM T.J. Watson Research Center – Hawthorne, NY

2. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 20052/14 Signal landscapeS.L. SANET Abstract Sentire ( latin, to sense ) describes a framework for composing extensible middleware for sensor and actuator networks (SANETs) This presentation… Introduces our on-going research in developing a methodology and tools for SANET middleware development Describes a demonstration of SANET middleware development using Sentire SANET Sentire middleware Application(s)

3. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 20053/14 Introduction Scaling up SANET-related systems 1-1000 1000-10M >10M Number of embedded devices Control distribution Centralized Decentralized Today Tomorrow Autos Security systems Smart buildings Adaptive traffic control Automated factories Asset tracking Networked cities Instrumented farm Plant process control Habitat monitoring * Figure reproduced from [Zhao2004] Trend points to increasing number of devices and decentralization ? ?

4. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 20054/14 Introduction “Reaching tomorrow” – Research motivation SANET middleware development standard - Supports large scale development - Supports extensibility, reusability, and interoperability - Supports SANET integration SANET requirements - Resource management - Network management - Data management SANET application development - Shield application developers from writing complex and custom code for multiple platforms

5. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 20055/14 The Sentire approach Overview Objectives 1.Introduce software development framework for extensible SANET middleware development –Different from middleware instantiations [Yu2004, Heinzelman2004] 2.Partition middleware development into logically related sub-tasks 3.Facilitate applications’ use of integrated, heterogeneous sensor and actuator-enabled systems

6. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 20056/14 The Sentire approach Overview Current components Centralized component- interaction model Managers Messages Current assumptions Direct-transmission (1-hop) networks Middleware residing on edge-servers, stargates, etc.

7. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 20057/14 The Sentire approach Framework Managers Interface manager –Funnels application queries and instructions to appropriate managers –Provides initial layer of query/instruction filtering via developer-defined admit/reject policies Sensor and actuator managers –Controls sensor and actuator device behavior Influences both the quality of sensed information and adjustments to the environment Adjusts resource usage

8. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 20058/14 The Sentire approach Framework Managers (cont.) Resource manager –Implements service registration of SANETs –Tracks SANET resource usage (e.g., energy, bandwidth) –Supports other managers in their policy-based decisions Data manager –Embodies develop-defined data processing routines (e.g., event detection, data cleaning, etc.)

9. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 20059/14 The Sentire approach Framework Messages “Publish-subscribe” used for inter-manager communication Application and Sentire query headers –Priority –Data type –Query type (e.g., single query, subscription, event notification) Data source response headers –Corresponding query ID –Data type Customizable XML payload structures –Promotes flexible message attributes and data payloads

10. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 200510/14 Signal landscape SANET The Sentire approach Framework Sentire middleware Application 1 Priority=1, Data_type=Movement, Query_Type=1_time Location=North_walkway, Object=people, Metric=Quantity, Quality=low Query_ID=1_1234, Priority=1, Data_type=Audio, Query_Type=1_time Location=N_h, Object=P, Metric=Quantity, Sensors=1,3 From sensor manager SANET

11. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 200511/14 Sentire demonstration Collaborative sensing Implemented using Sentire and LEGO® Mindstorms TM hardware [LEGO] 1.The motion detector monitors for vehicle movement in 2 zones 2.Upon detected movement in a zone, re-bind to the zone’s respective light sensor 3.If light is detected, the zone’s respective LED powers on.

12. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 200512/14 Sentire demonstration Collaborative sensing Sentire operation details 1.Interface manager requests event notification from sensor manager 2.Sensor manager decomposes request to utilize available sensors Checks resource manager for permission 3.Data manager verifies the event and triggers actuation manager to activate appropriate LED

13. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 200513/14 Conclusion Research progress Current progress Middleware methodology for facilitating applications’ interaction with integrated sense-and-respond system Research timeline PerSeNS 2005 Future work Extend methodology for “closed-loop” sensor- actuator interaction Distribute Sentire functionality –Coordinate multiple edge-servers, etc. –Distribute framework to the device level

14. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 200514/14 Conclusion References W. B. Heinzelman, A. L. Murphy, H. S. Carvalho, and M. A. Perillo. “Middleware to support sensor network applications,” IEEE Network Magazine, Jan 2004. LEGO.com Mindstorms Home, http://www.legomindstorms.com Y. Yu, B. Krishnamachari, and V. K. Prasanna. “Issues of designing middleware for wireless sensor networks,” IEEE Network Magazine, Jan 2004. F. Zhao and L. Guibas. Wireless Sensor Networks: An Information Processing Approach, Elsevier, 2004.

15. IEEE PerCom – PerSeNS 200515/14 Conclusion Thank you “Your questions please” Acknowledgements Ron Ambrosio, Paul Castro, Norman Cohen, Maria Ebling, Archan Misra, Mark Yao