1. Soil Organisms and Ecology Chapter 11

2. Table 11.1

4. FIGURE 7–5 Interrelationships of autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms: nutrient cycling and energy flow. Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns Soils: An Introduction, 6e

5. FIGURE 7–4 Most soil microbes live on surfaces. Top: Fungal hyphae on a sand grain. Bottom: Bacteria (Rhizobium) attached to a root hair. Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns Soils: An Introduction, 6e ….. leads to association with plants

6. I. Associations with Plants

7. FIGURE 7–15 Legume–Rhizobium symbiosis: typical stages in development. Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns Soils: An Introduction, 6e

8. FIGURE 7–17 Mycorrhizae. (A) Major types of mycorrhizae. Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns Soils: An Introduction, 6e

9. FIGURE 7–18 Mycorrhizal association between root hairs and the fungal hyphae Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns Soils: An Introduction, 6e

10. II. Soil Management Effects

11. III. Soil Organism Table

12. Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns Soils: An Introduction, 6e FIGURE 7–1 Sizes and forms of soil inhabitants, in relation to soil particle sizes.

13. IV. Practical Outcomes of Adaptations A. Actinomycetes: medical antibodies B. Mycorrhizal and N fixing symbiosis: improve productivity of cultivated plants C. Predatory/Parasitic Fungi/Protozoa: control root pathogens D. Specialized/Opportunistic Bacteria: eliminate toxic materials