1. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 1 Module 3: Individual Interventions

2. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 2

3. 3 Module 3: Agenda Foundational Concepts Designing Interventions –Operational Definitions –Data Collection –A-B-C Chain –Functions of Behavior Specific Intervention Strategies

4. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 4 Foundations All behavior is learned Behavior serves a function Environment impacts behavior Skill deficits impact behavior Team approach is critical Relationship matters!

5. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 5 Foundations All behavior is learned

6. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 6 Foundations Behavior serves a function

7. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 7 Foundations Environments impact behavior EnvironmentBehavior

8. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 8 Foundations Skill deficits impact problem behavior

9. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 9 Foundations Team approach is critical

10. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 10 Foundations Relationships matter!

11. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 11 Operational Definition Observable Measurable

12. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 12 Operationalized Description Vague Description Operationalized Description Chad is lazyChad completes 1/5 assignments

13. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 13 Operationalized Description Vague Description Operationalized Description Susan is mean Makes derogatory comments to peers, such as “you’re stupid”

14. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 14 Operationalized Description Vague Description Operationalized Description Thomas doesn’t care about school Absent average of 2 days/week

15. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 15 Operationalized Description Vague Description Operationalized Description Manuel doesn’t play nicely Grabs toys out of peers’ hands

16. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 16 Data Collection Frequency Duration Latency Intensity Baseline Intervention

17. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 17 ABCs of Behavior Antecedent Behavior Consequence

18. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 18 Identifying Antecedents Antecedent Resulting Behavior Academic tasks G iven task Group work Walking around room Verbal refusal Talking to peers

19. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 19 Identifying Antecedents AntecedentResulting Behavior Independent work Transitions Unstructured situations Playing in desk Loud verbalizations Physical interactions w/ peers

20. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 20 Consequences Student given time-out Teacher gives praise/attention Peers laugh Has free time Teacher reprimands student Teacher redirects student Student gets good grade BEHAVIOR

21. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 21 Functions of Behavior InternalExternal Obtain Escape/ Avoid Rocking in chair for soothing effect Walk out of class to avoid embarrassment Cussing to get peer attention Hitting teacher to escape task

22. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 22 Functions for Most Problem Behaviors: Get peer attention Get adult attention Get reward or tangible item Gain access to preferred activity Get sensory stimulation Escape or delay a difficult task or non-preferred activity Escape or avoid a demanding situation

23. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 23 ABCs of Behavior AntecedentBehaviorConsequence Independent work in subject that is difficult Throws paper and yells Sent to office (where given no attention)

24. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 24 ABCs of Behavior AntecedentBehaviorConsequence Large group activity Yells out and makes off- subject comments Teacher gives mild reprimand; peers laugh

25. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 25 How do I determine the function of a behavior? Talk to people who know the student Observe the student in environments where behavior most likely to occur Talk to the student

26. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 26 Replacement Behavior Appropriate behavior to replace problem behavior Should serve the same function as the problem behavior Problem Behavior Replacement Behavior

27. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 27 Reinforcers

28. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 28 Variables that Make Reinforcers More Effective Immediately Frequently Enthusiasm Eye contact Description of the behavior Anticipation Variety

29. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 29 Components of a Good Behavior Support Plan Strategies for: Increasing desired behavior Changing the antecedents Providing positive consequences Managing inappropriate behavior

30. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 30 Modify the Antecedent AntecedentBehaviorConsequenceFunction Difficult assignment Throws paper Teacher corrects, peers laugh Gain attention (peers & teacher) Modify assignment, Group assignment Student completes the assignment Teacher gives good grade and attention, group gets good grade Gain attention (peers & teacher)

31. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 31 Modify Consequence AntecedentBehaviorConsequenceFunction Difficult assignment Throws paper Teacher corrects, peers laugh Gain attention (peers & teacher) Difficult assignment Throws paper Teacher and peers ignore, (Give attention to on-task behavior) Does not get attention for throwing (Extinction) Attention only for on- task

32. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 32 Teach Replacement Behavior AntecedentBehaviorConsequenceFunction Difficult assignment Throws paper Teacher corrects, peers laugh Gain attention (peers & teacher) Difficult assignment Teach student to raise hand for help Teacher helps student when hand raised Gain attention (peers & teacher)

33. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 33 Function and Strategies Function: Get access to desired activities or tangibles Strategy: Deny access to the activity or tangible after a problem behavior (consequence) Teach acceptable alternatives to obtain access (replacement)

34. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 34 Function and Strategies Function: Escape or avoid unpleasant activities, tasks or persons Strategy: Reinforce the student for compliance to your instructions (consequence) Teach the student how to seek help (replacement) Teach acceptable alternatives to escape (replacement) Reinforce the student for the absence of the problem (reward appropriate behavior) (consequence) Initially remove or reduce demands and then gradually increase them (antecedent)

35. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 35 Function and Strategies Function: Get attention from peers or teachers Strategy: Increase attention for appropriate behaviors (consequence) Ignore problem behavior (consequence) Teach acceptable alternatives for attention (replacement)

36. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 36 Function and Strategies Function: Get sensory stimulation Strategy: Interrupt and redirect the student (antecedent) Use reinforcement when behavior is not occurring (consequence) Increase access to alternative sources of stimulation (antecedent)

37. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 37 Activity: ABC Interventions AntecedentBehaviorConsequenceFunction Independent work Makes noises Teacher has student put head down on desk Escape task

38. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 38 Develop Action Plan What can go wrong…will go wrong!!

39. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 39 Implement Plan and Collect Data Simple Same method as baseline

40. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 40 Evaluate Effectiveness Modify Intervention

41. Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 3 41 Big Ideas! All behavior is learned Behavior serves a function Environment impacts behavior Skill deficits impact behavior Team approach is critical Relationships matter!!