1. Descent with Modification

2. History of Evolution Plato (427 – 347 B.C.) – Two Worlds Aristotle (384 – 322 B.C.) – Scale of Nature Judeo-Christian – Old Testament Natural Theology (1700’s) – Creator’s plan studying biology Linnaeus (1707 – 1778) - Taxonomy

3. History of Evolution Cuvier (1769 – 1832) Father of Paleontology Catastrophism

4. History of Evolution Hutton (1726 – 1797) Gradualism

5. History of Evolution Charles Lyell (1797 – 1875) Uniformitarianism Principles of Geology Earth must be very old Very small processes can make large changes over time

6. History of Evolution Lamark (1809) Inheritance of Acquired Traits

7. Darwinian Revolution Medical School Clergyman HMS Beagle

8. Darwinian Revolution HMS Beagle (1831 – 1836) – chart the coast of South America Captain Robert FitzRoy – Companion

9. Darwinian Revolution

12. The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle For Life (1858)

13. Darwinian Revolution Why did it take 22 years to publish?

14. Darwinian Revolution Alfred Wallace (1823 – 1913) East Indies

15. Darwinian Revolution Two main Points Descent with Modification Natural Selection

16. Natural Selection (Ernst Mayr) Observation # 1 All Species have the ability to increase exponentially Observation # 2 Populations tend to remain the same Observation # 3 Resources are Limited Inference # 1 Production of more individuals than can possibly survive leads to a struggle for survival

17. Natural Selection (Ernst Mayr) Observation # 4 Individuals vary Observation # 5 Much of the variation is inheritable Inference # 2 The Individuals who inherit the best traits for the environment are likely to leave offspring Inference # 3 This difference will lead to a gradual change in the population

18. Evidence of Evolution Taxonomy

19. Evidence of Evolution Fossil Record

20. Evidence of Evolution Biogeography

21. Evidence of Evolution Comparative Anatomy Homologous Structures

22. Evidence of Evolution Comparative Embryology

23. Evidence of Evolution Comparative Molecular Biology