1. Online Facilitation Nancy White Full Circle Associates http://www.fullcirc.com

2. Copyright 2002-2004 Full Circle Associates

3. Keys to Interaction Balance Control Emergence Transparent facilitation Surface values & agreements Identity and voice Reciprocity Power of questions (125:6)

4. Why Participate? To get something To be heard To connect We were told to...

5. What Influences Participation? Culture Learning styles/communication styles Politics (organizational or whatever!) WIFM (What’s In it For Me) Expectations Time

6. Communication Styles Think about your F2F communications… How does body language translate online? Tone? How does our written style reflect our spoken style? Context and communication richness What is your style?

7. Dynamics of Participation Experts and Early Adopters Naïve Users Light Users -- or -- Active Lurkers

8. Manifestation of Participation Logging on Posting “Backchannel” communications Reading (lurking) Peripheral

9. Entry & Engagement

10. Sociability, Relationship and Trust Formal and informal sharing of self Testing with small steps Trust - fast trust, slow trust, and trusty trust Factors influencing s/r/t

11. Social Capital Social capital consists of stock of active connections among people: the trust, mutual understanding and the shared values and behaviors that bind the members of human networks and communities and make cooperative action possible. (p.4) -- Cohen & Prusak: In Good Company: How Social Capital Makes Organizations Work

12. Power Influenced by offline power relationships Effect of frequency and access Effect of writing skills Effect of reading skills Effect of bandwidth/access

13. Intercultural Issues Consider race, gender, age, origin, profession, sexual orientation, etc. as our range of individual differences and similarities Actively explore how our differences manifest (or don’t manifest!) and matter online Build on the strength of diversity

14. Line of Sight “One general approach is to design online environments that, by making users and their activities visible to one another, can enable a variety of social phenomena that support social and work-oriented interactions.” - Erickson and Kellog IBM T.J. Watson Research Center

15. Power of Conversation Yearning for the “pub” or coffee shop The impact of social conversation (unstructured and without explicit focus) Scientific discussion (topically organized, well structured around core data and hypothesis) Ad hoc and structured both have a place

16. Collaboration Whole greater than the parts Derived from purpose and outcomes Principles determine behaviors Based on honest assessments Ownership and commitment Inclusive Martin Leith http://www.martinleith.com/lgi/chapter.html

17. Inquiry Define the problem Develop and evaluation solution alternatives Come to some resolution Develop a plan of action Reflect on the process

18. Norms, Agreements & Accountability What is the minimum needed? How explicit do they need to be? How do we make them visible? How do we keep them “alive?” What shared values provide underpinning?

19. Beliefs and Goals Scientific inquiry is distinguished by the commitment to: –work towards a common understanding that is satisfactory to all –frame questions and propositions in ways that enable evidence to be brought to bear, –expand the body of collective valid propositions, and –allow any belief to be subjected to criticism. Bereiter (1992)

20. Communication Agreements Flex with personal and cultural style Language Style

21. Information Sharing Practices Fire hose to droplet Push AND Pull Frequency Type Identification

22. Participation Agreements Task who what by when why tracking Process login frequency communication style response times when “away” buddies meeting procedures

23. Decision Making Processes Decision making boundaries Who How –consensus –voting –default –mediation

24. Conflict

25. The Trickster of Conflict Ask before advocating Surface and examine assumptions Inquire, don’t interrogate Understand negotiation-specific expectations www.ivysea.com and James K. Sebenius

26. Harvesting, Weaving, Summaries Capture group-created knowledge (before it is buried) Summarize to test for understanding and convergence Summarize to help new folks “get up to speed”

27. Evaluation What to measure? What does it mean? How do we use evaluation for incremental improvement? Action learning