1. Oldest Life on Earth Mr. Kempfer 7th Grade Science
Monerans
Oldest Life on Earth
Mr. Kempfer
7th Grade Science

2. Monerans Single celled No nucleus Most commonly known as Bacteria
Appeared 3.5 billion years ago
Most numerous organism
2.5 billion bacteria in a gram of soil
How are bacteria different from other cells?

3. Types of Bacteria Shapes of bacteria Can be any color
                    
Types of Bacteria
Shapes of bacteria
Coiled, ball, rod, candy-apple, blobs
Can be any color
Red, yellow, blue, purple
Found in water, air, soil and other organisms
                    

4. Amazing Bacteria
Some bacteria live in volcanoes, boiling water, glaciers, acid pools and at very high pH’s
Bacteria are simple but still perform all of the functions necessary for life.
How would this be an advantage on early Earth?

5. Structure of Bacteria Have a cell wall Protects and gives shape
Cell Membrane
Lets stuff in and out
Cytoplasm
No nucleus
Genetic material just floats in the cytoplasm
What parts do bacteria share with other cells?

6. Movement of Bacteria Most bacteria can’t move on their own.
Moves by air, water or hitches a ride
Some have flagellum
Whip like tails that propel them through a liquid.
Why do bacteria need to move?
             

7. Life Functions of Bacteria
Some need oxygen, some don’t
Most are heterotrophs
Some are parasites
Some are decomposers
Some are autotrophs
Some eat sulfur and iron
Why do you think bacteria are so diverse?

8. Reproduction Bacteria reproduce by splitting into 2
Can double their numbers in 20 minutes
In 24 hours could weigh 2 million kilograms!!!
In 5 days would weigh more than the Earth!!!
?What keeps this from happening?

9. Bacteria in Control Reproduction depends on food supply.
When there’s no food, bacteria form an endospore.
This is like a suit of armor against the environment
Bacteria can survive bleach, boiling, freezing and radiation in an endospore
When would a bacteria need an endospore?

10. Bacteria in Nature
Bacteria are an essential part of the food and energy relationships that link all life on Earth.
Decomposers, Producers, food for consumers
Oxygen producers
Why is this important?

11. Pioneers
Bacteria are the first to move into a new area and populate it.
Volcanic areas
Forest fires
Symbiotic Relationships
Help us digest food
Give plants nitrogen
How does this help an ecosystem?

12. Bacteria and Humans
Bacteria are used in the production of food, fuel, medicines and other products.
Some, though, can spoil food, cause diseases and poison water.
Name a bad bacteria.

13. Bacteria and Food
Used to make cheese, yogurt, pickles, sour cream, soy sauce, vinegar, high-fructose corn syrup (sugars)
Blue-green algae are 70% protein…yum!
We heat food to kill bad bacteria
What can bad bacteria do to food?

14. Bacteria as Fuel
Certain bacteria can break down fruit rinds, dead plants, manure and sewage to make methane gas (natural gas)
Dead bacteria and other stuff became crude oil in time

15. Medicine Bacteria is used to make anitbiotics
Chemicals that poison other bad bacteria
Bacteria can cause …
Strep throat, pneumonia, tetanus and Lyme disease.
Can antibiotics fight a virus?

16. Bacteria and Industry Used to tan leather
Extract copper, silver and gold from rock
Coloring food, cosmetics, removing stains and changing chemicals.
Damages asphalt, water and gas pipes and oil drilling machinery.

17. Up Next…
Protists