1. Global Shakes: Erica Rios, Angie Pettenato, and Shoua Yang How earthquakes help us understand plate tectonics and identify geohazardous regions of the world COSMOS 2006: Earthquakes in Action

2. Outline  What is an Earthquake?  Engdahl Centennial Catalog  Types of Boundaries  Major Trenches  Screen Shot  Conclusion  Acknowledgements  Demo

3. What is an Earthquake?  An earthquake is a trembling of the Earth's surface  Usually caused by stress that is released along the fault lines as pressure builds up over time  Shock waves will be generated by the movement of the masses of rock and crust.

4. Engdahl Centennial Earthquake Catalog  Contains information on earthquakes recorded around the world  Recently updated to include earthquakes from 1900-2002  Complete down to Mw 7.0 between 1900-1964 and Mw 5.5 for 1964-2002

5. Transform Boundaries  Plates move horizontally against each other  Earthquakes tend to be shallow and small to moderate in magnitude  Example: San Andreas Fault in California  1906 San Francisco  1989 Loma Prieta http://www.earthscape.org/t1/lic01 /lic01ba.html

6. Divergent Boundaries  Where plates move apart and away from each other  Formation of new crust  Earthquakes tend to be shallow to medium depth with lesser magnitudes.  Ex) Mid-Atlantic Ridge  Ex) East African Rift Zone  Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, Horn of Africa http://dl.ccc.cccd.edu/classes/inter net/geology100/IntroLecture1.htm

7. Convergent Boundaries  Plates move toward each other  One plate subducts under another  Earthquakes tend to be deep and range all magnitudes  Trenches & tsunamis  Earthquake struck northeast of La Paz, Bolivia on June 9, 1994  M 8.3  Depth of 636 km http://dl.ccc.cccd.edu/classes/inter net/geology100/IntroLecture1.htm

8. Aleutian Trench  Pacific Plate is subducting under the North American Plate  Great earthquake hit Alaska on March 27, 1964  M 9.2  61.4°N, 147.73°W  Caused avalanches, landslides, tsunamis, and ground deformations http://piru.alexandria.ucsb.edu/~g eog3/concept_illus/691_ex.jpg

9. Peru-Chile Trench  Located along southeastern Pacific Ocean, about 160 km off the coast of Peru and Chile  Result of the eastern edge of the Nazca Plate subducting under the South American Plate  Extends 5,900 km and has a maximum depth of 8.1 km  Great earthquake struck south of Central Chile on May 22, 1960  M 8.6  Depth of 33 km http://en.wikipedia.org/wi ki/Oceanic_trench

10. Java Trench  Located in the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean  Trench is a seam between the Eurasian and Indian Plates  Extends 2,600 km and has a maximum depth of 7.7 km  Major earthquake resulted in the deadly tsunami of December 2004 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java _Trench

11. Visualization  Tectonic plate boundaries, colored by type  Earthquakes by magnitude  Major cities’ populations: 6 million to 12 million  Volcanic Hotspots

12. Conclusion  Engdahl Catalog: record of earthquakes from 1900 – 2002  Updated the catalog’s 3D scene file with tectonics, hotspots, major cities, undersea trenches  Geohazards of living in certain regions of the world

13. Acknowledgment We would like to thank the following people in helping us to complete this project: Allison Jacobs Bridget Smith Debi Kilb Jerry Lederman Benson Shing Andreas Stavridis Jon Deck

14. Works Cited http://earthquake/usgs.gov/research/data/centennial.php http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Trench http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/strike_slip_fault http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonga_Trench http://www.extremescience.com/GreatestEarthquake.htm http://www.margins.wustl.edu/SF/I-B_M/IZUBonin.html http://www.crew.org/home/eqfacts.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/transform. html http://www.scec.org/core/public/showobject.php/12940 http://www.whoi.edu/oceanus/viewArticle.do?id=5424% &archives=true