1. Italian Renaissance Art

2. The Italian Renaissance The Renaissance began in Italy for two main reasons: 1.Its location in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea made it the main point of commerce between Europe and the Middle East following the Crusades Sea made it the main point of commerce between Europe and the Middle East following the Crusades 2. The presence of a number of wealthy families rich from banking and trade created a class of people from banking and trade created a class of people with the time, money, and interest to patronize the with the time, money, and interest to patronize the arts. arts.

3. Madonna and Child c. 1320 Early paintings such as this lacked the perspective and realism that would become more prevalent in the Renaissance. Giotto di Bondone

4. Stigmatization of St. Francis c. 1300 The beginning of perspective is evident in this early work.

5. Donatello 1386-1466 Italian sculptor born in Florence Italian sculptor born in Florence One of the first sculptors since classical times to produce works depicting human forms in a individualistic, confident manner One of the first sculptors since classical times to produce works depicting human forms in a individualistic, confident manner

6. David 1409

7. David 1430

8. Madonna with Child 1448

9. Masaccio 1401-1427 influenced by painter Giotto di Bondone and sculptors Brunelleschi and Donatello influenced by painter Giotto di Bondone and sculptors Brunelleschi and Donatello developed method of applying depth and three-dimensionality that pioneered a new sense of realism to painting developed method of applying depth and three-dimensionality that pioneered a new sense of realism to painting

10. The Crucifixion 1426

11. Profile of a Young Man 1425

12. Madonna with Child and Angels 1426

13. Sandro Botticelli 1445-1510 Florence Italian Renaissance artist Italian Renaissance artist Worked for wealthy Italian families, including the Medici banking family Worked for wealthy Italian families, including the Medici banking family Most famous portrait – Guilano de Medici Most famous portrait – Guilano de Medici Also painted religion subjects, especially panels of the Madonna, such as the Madonna of the Magnificat, Madonna of the Pomegranate, Coronation of the Virgin, and Madonna and Child with Two Saints. Also painted religion subjects, especially panels of the Madonna, such as the Madonna of the Magnificat, Madonna of the Pomegranate, Coronation of the Virgin, and Madonna and Child with Two Saints.

14. Giuliano de Medici 1478

15. Venus and Mars The topic of this painting reflects the interest in classical themes.

16. Madonna of the Magnificat

17. Madonna of the Pomegranate

18. The Madonna and Child with an Angel

19. Lamentation Over the Dead Christ

20. The Annunciation

21. La Primavera, “Allegory of Spring”

22. Lamentation over the Dead Christ Andrea Mantegna - 1490

23. Leonardo da Vinci 1452-1519 Florence The epitome of the ideal Renaissance man, da Vinci excelled as a painter, sculptor, inventor, architect, and engineer. The epitome of the ideal Renaissance man, da Vinci excelled as a painter, sculptor, inventor, architect, and engineer.

24. Drawings of da Vinci Embryo Study of a woman’s hand

26. Vitruvian Man, Study of proportions

27. Siege defenses

28. Madonna Litta

29. Virgin of the Rocks Leonardo da Vinci was particularly noted for his striking use of light and dark contrasts evident in this and the following paintings.

30. Mona Lisa

31. Lady with an ermine

32. The Last Supper

33. The Madonna of the Carnation

34. Michelangelo 1475-1564 A painter, sculptor, and architect, he also epitomized the ideal Renaissance man. A painter, sculptor, and architect, he also epitomized the ideal Renaissance man. Commissioned by the di Medici family to help beautify Florence Commissioned by the di Medici family to help beautify Florence Commissioned by Pope Julius II to work on the Sistine Chapel and his personal tomb Commissioned by Pope Julius II to work on the Sistine Chapel and his personal tomb

35. The Holy Family with Infant St. John the Baptist

36. The Last Judgement from the Sistine Chapel

37. Tomb of Pope Julius II Rome

38. David

39. Pieta

40. Tomb of Lorenzo de Medici

41. Lorenzo de Medici detail from tomb

42. Raphael 1483-1520 Best known for his Madonnas and his large figure compositions in the Vatican in Rome Best known for his Madonnas and his large figure compositions in the Vatican in Rome

43. Madonna dell Granduca c. 1505

44. The Small Cowper Madonna c. 1505

45. Bindo Altoviti

46. The Entombment

47. The Alba Madonna c. 1511

48. Pope Leo X with 2 Cardinals c. 1517-18

49. Assumption of the Virgin 1518

50. Titian Venice (1487 – 1576) Studied with both Gentile Bellini and Giovanni Bellini Studied with both Gentile Bellini and Giovanni Bellini Noted for his skill at depicting human emotion and movement Noted for his skill at depicting human emotion and movement

51. Flora c. 1515

52. Bachus and Ariadre 1524

53. The Entombment c. 1525

54. Christ Crowned with Thorns c. 1542

55. Portrait of Empress Isabella of Spain 1548

56. Northern Renaissance Art

57. Jan van Eyck 1395-1441 Flemish painter who perfected the newly developed technique of oil painting. Flemish painter who perfected the newly developed technique of oil painting. His naturalistic panel paintings, mostly portraits and religious subjects, made extensive use of disguised religious symbols. His naturalistic panel paintings, mostly portraits and religious subjects, made extensive use of disguised religious symbols. His masterpiece is the alterpiece in the cathedral at Ghent, the Adoration of the Lamb (1432) His masterpiece is the alterpiece in the cathedral at Ghent, the Adoration of the Lamb (1432)

58. Adoration of the Lamb

59. The Arnolfini Marriage 1434

60. Close-up of the convex mirror

61. Man in a Red Turban 1433

62. Virgin and Child with Saints and Donor

63. Jerome Bosch 1450-1516 Flemish painter who used religious themes in combination with grotesque fantasies, colorful imagery, and peasant folk legends. Flemish painter who used religious themes in combination with grotesque fantasies, colorful imagery, and peasant folk legends. Many paintings reflect the confusion and anguish often associated with the Middle Ages. Many paintings reflect the confusion and anguish often associated with the Middle Ages.

64. The Extraction of the Stone of Madness 1475-1480 Removing "stones" from the head was a fairly common medieval operation; however, for some reason Bosch has painted a flower as the object being removed.

65. Paradise and Hell

66. Christ carrying the cross

67. Garden of Earthly Delights

68. Pieter Bruegel 1525-1569 Known as Pieter Bruegel the Elder to distinguish him from his elder son Known as Pieter Bruegel the Elder to distinguish him from his elder son Generally considered the greatest Flemish painter of the 16th century. Generally considered the greatest Flemish painter of the 16th century. His paintings, including his landscapes and scenes of peasant life, stress the absurd and vulgar, yet are full of zest and fine detail. They also expose human weaknesses and follies. His paintings, including his landscapes and scenes of peasant life, stress the absurd and vulgar, yet are full of zest and fine detail. They also expose human weaknesses and follies. He was sometimes called the "peasant Bruegel" from such works as Peasant Wedding Feast He was sometimes called the "peasant Bruegel" from such works as Peasant Wedding Feast

69. Peasant Wedding 1568

70. Hunters in the Snow

71. The Harvesters

72. The Peasant Dance

73. The Adoration of Kings 1564

74. The Beggars 1568

75. Erasmus 1469? - 1536 His best known work is the Praise of folly that he wrote on his way back from Italy, a pamphlet mainly directed against the behavior of leading classes and church dignitaries.

76. Thomas More 1478-1535 Sir Thomas More (later canonized St. Thomas More) is famous for his book Utopia (1515) and for his martyrdom. As Chancellor to Henry VIII he refused to sanction Henry's divorce of Queen Catherine. More was imprisoned, tried and executed.

77. New Monarchs Sought to centralize their power and demanded strict obedience and loyalty of their subjects. Sought to centralize their power and demanded strict obedience and loyalty of their subjects. Emphasized the notion of “nation” and saw themselves as the symbol of such unity and strength Emphasized the notion of “nation” and saw themselves as the symbol of such unity and strength

78. New Monarchs Louis XI – (r 1461-1483) Laid the foundation for royal absolutism in France Louis XI – (r 1461-1483) Laid the foundation for royal absolutism in France Henry VII – (r. 1485-1509) rebuilt the monarchy of England following the War of the Roses Henry VII – (r. 1485-1509) rebuilt the monarchy of England following the War of the Roses Ferdinand and Isabella – (r. 1474-1516) – strengthened royal authority in Spain by demanding religious unity Ferdinand and Isabella – (r. 1474-1516) – strengthened royal authority in Spain by demanding religious unity

79. The End