1. GMES Atmosphere Services (GAS) Arno Kaschl arno.kaschl@ec.europa.eu GMES Bureau European Commission

2. EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEMS (space, airborne, in- situ) PUBLIC POLICIES (Environment & Security) Information Needs (policy driven) GMES joint initiative of the European Commission and ESA  relevant information to policy-makers and many other users  autonomous capacity to generate & deliver Earth observation- derived information on environment & security: strategic for EU

3. Three Service areas based on Earth systems: Land Monitoring: initially European land cover & urban spots Marine Monitoring: sea state & ecosystem characteristics over global ocean & European regional seas Atmospheric Monitoring: atmospheric composition for air quality (European) and climate forcing (global), ozone monitoring (global) and solar energies Further, horizontal components: Emergency Response Security Climate Change GMES Services

4. For service definition + user input, the following mechanism has been put in place: User Workshop on 6/7 December 2006 100 participants from 27 countries and from relevant European institutions (i.e. DG’s, Agencies,etc.)  Workshop Report (+ Orientation Paper): recommendations for a future Core Service Implementation Group + 4 Working Groups, expert groups (45 people, 18 countries), has met 6 times since June 2007 to provide guidelines and recommendations on scope, functionality/architecture, core and downstream services, space and in situ observation infrastructure, governance, funding of each GMES service; Service preparation: FP6 - GEMS about 10 M€ ESA GMES Service Element - PROMOTE about 5 M€ FP7 – MACC about 11 M€ Operational phase Definition of GAS

5. Introducing GAS Services already exist  dynamical/physical (meteorological) Atmospheric composition ("the "chemosphere") is of major importance for environment, climate & climate change. GAS aims at integrating the monitoring & modeling of the atmospheric constituents at global, regional & local scales. GAS and its service chain will contribute to serve a broadened community of users in different fields (environment, health, transport, renewables..).. Achieving this is the main challenge. GAS will improve the description, understanding, forecasting of atmosphere expand it: surface fluxes (emission/deposition), scenarios depending upon man-made decisions.

6. Scope : towards users GAS should address the needs of Many user communities including - national and regional authorities & environmental agencies - national meteorological & health agencies - research/science community -private sector/SMEs - EU citizens - NGOs - Other GMES services -developing countries -... EU and MS : policies in - air quality - climate change mitigation & adaptation - renewable energies - ozone layer preservation International Commitments: - Kyoto - CLRTAP - Montreal

7. « GMES economy » HEALTH Space EO In-situ OBSERVATION INFRASTRUCT. CORE SERVICES DOWNSTREAM SERVICES Users adaptation air quality Security Atmosphere Emergency Maritime Land Added Value Chain

8. CS versus DS Air quality Local air quality forecasts (urban scale)  boundary conditions provided by GAS Improved air-quality-related alerts and forecasts by health services for extreme events (combined heat, UV-B and poor AQ) Analysis of local air polution abatement policies Supporting development of effective air pollution abatement measures through proper apportionment of sources… Climate forcing Identification, assessment and monitoring of regional/local sources and sinks of greenhouse gases Solar radiation Solar-radiation potential analysis, policy scenario analysis, energy yield mapping, support ot network management, plant management… CS criteria Geographical scale: global, regional (= European) Meet needs of DS & end users Avoid duplications of efforts and operations Examples for GAS DS

9. Core Service content Four principal themes (1)air quality (AQ) (2)climate forcing (CF) (3) stratospheric O3 (+UV) (4) solar radiation data Observational NRT (AQ) GCOS ECV (CF) gridded fields easy access Added value from combined space & in situ models (assimilation) products Forecasts Assessments : Trends derived from reanalysis 'low volume' information Contributions to scenarios Sources and sinks Service Outputs Global component: ozone & UV-radiation, greenhouse gases, aerosols European component: air quality, CO2 sources

10. GAS architecture Downstream Services Other GMES Core Services EUROPEAN ENSEMBLE Monit., Assim. & Forecasting EUROPEAN ENSEMBLE Monit., Assim. & Forecasting EUROPEAN ENSEMBLE Monit., Assim. & Forecasting FP R E S E A R C H ENDUSERSENDUSERS OBS ACQUISITION and PRE- PROC QC, Validation, Multi-sensor processing OBSERVATION SUPPLY and CALIBRATION Space Agencies / In Situ ground networks / Aircraft programmes CORER&DCORER&D D A T A P R O D U C T S QA GLOBAL Monitoring, Assim. & Forecasting

11. Implementation: Foundations Existing assets  World leading numerical weather prediction capacities (ECMWF, NMS)  Modelling and information systems (national, regional and local public institutions or private companies)  European & international observation capacities o European air quality & atmospheric chemistry in situ observation networks o European space observations systems: EUMETSAT (operational) & ESA (R&D) o International cooperation framework e.g. for data exchange  Research institutions and communities Previous and current R&D projects funded at national or European level Main challenges:  Ensure sustainability of existing assets on an operational basis, with appropriate governance and funding built into the system  Implement the appropriate level of integration and coordination  Enable adaptation and evolution driven by user needs

12. development Space observations: recommendations by IG In situ observations: recommendations by IG; EEA as coordinator to lead a consolidation process; EC funding to support contributions to international networks User involvement: needs to become a priority; creation of user forums to interact with MACC and post-MACC R&D: essential for a successful GAS Rely on on-going (GEMS & PROMOTE) & future (MACC) pilot projects to prefigure CS implementation IG might advise EC and project partners Target is a fully operational service by 2014, flexible to incorporate advances; e.g. full coupling of chemistry and weather models (ca. 2020), new capacities: Sentinel-4 data (2017+)

13. data policy GAS services are public goods & wholly funded by the EU & Member States  C.S. outputs to be free and openly available. Pilot project: + All MACC products publicly available; + Meteorological data fields may be free (except handling charges) for GMES DS purposes, unless aimed at commercial services (usual ECMWF data policy to be applied) + Regional model outputs freely available + Some NRT data necessary for modelling operations are restricted to CS.

14. timeline Fall 2008: GMES governance principles (EC Communication) 2008+ + interfaces between GAS and Downstream Services (linking with expected FP7 DS projects) + Interaction with user communities in pilot phase  Bureau, EEA/EIONET, ISOWG + support group, GAC, MACC.. 2009-2010 Address more in detail funding issues inc. cost estimate of the GAS provision, support to in situ observation infrastructure 2009-2011IG monitors the GAS implementation through FP7 MACC project 2010-2011Guidelines for the setting-up of the GAS provision scheme and of related GAS coordination structure 2014: new EC Financial Perspectives -> operational funding line

15. Added value for you GMES will… -ensure a free and open access to the GMES services -enable downstream services in a variety of areas at national, regional and local level (GMES economy) -Pilot services are increasingly putting available services on-line -MACC will converge the PROMOTE & GEMS consortia and services  continuity of services for existing users -MACC open to new users -clearly also address the policy needs of member states and their institutions (not only needs at EU policy level); e.g. AQ policies -be an effective means of supporting national agencies, NGOs, citizens in assessing and understanding problem related to our environment (AQ, CF,..) -help member states meet their reporting obligations under EU laws (e.g. air quality) and their international obligations (e.g. Kyoto, Montreal) -enable to sustainably and operationally monitor long-term trends of climate a -> long, uninterrupted time series of quality data, continuous satellite series monitoring environment and security in the future -> adaptation Added value for you

16. 16/17 September 2008: French Presidency Conference, Lille User / service focus Demonstrators: presenting operational GMES products to users Website:www.forumgmes2008.eu GMES Forum

17. Thank you!