1. Revolution Centrifugal Pump
Performance Overview
Rev 2.1

2. Centrifugal Pump Challenges
Bearing Failures
Leaks
Decouple
Noise & Fractured Magnets
Thrombus Generation & Hemolysis
Air Entrapment
Vane Impeller = Blender
Flow Sensor Issues
Ease of Set-up
This is a list of issues, past and present, with centrifugal pumps. How Revolution addresses each of these is covered in this presentation.

3. Designed by the experts in centrifugal pump design.
Revolution was designed by a pair of engineers that have spent most of their careers designing centrifugal blood pumps. Their work is done under the name SPIN Corporation. COBE Cardiovascular, now Sorin Group, purchased the 3rd generation design from SPIN Corp. Our engineers solved a few of the technical issues with the bearing design, resulting in the present design.
The result is an advanced centrifugal pump, that builds on previous designs, some of which are still in the market today. The work of SPIN Corporation can be verified by conducting an internet search under “SPIN Corporation blood pump”. From their you can learn about the history of the company and the patents they were awarded.

4. Unique molded magnet driver: Fills internal space
Assures balanced magnet
Consistent performance
One of the most interesting characteristics of the Revolution pump is the magnet design. A unique material, called neodymium, is magnetic but when compounded in a specific way, moldable. Using a molded magnet allows the shape to be round for precise balance at high rotational speeds and mated to the housing to fill the internal space. The result is a stable, repeatable design that provides very consistent performance.

5. Simple Assembly = High Quality
Pump Assembly Manufacturing Process
100% Quality Control Process
Designed for manufacturability
Simple assembly
Minimal parts
Ultrasonic weld
Fewer parts means fewer assembly processes, both lead to few opportunities for a defect. Use this slide to show how the pump shaft rides inside the bearings (white and red).
Simple Assembly = High Quality

6. Internal Features 1. Patented Curved Inlet Port
2. Patented Seal-less, Low Friction Upper Bearing
3. Patented “Spin-Inducer”
5. Ultrasonic Weld
Upper & Lower Housing
4. Impeller floats while pumping
There are numerous other unique features in the Revolution design that create a high performance pump that is very reliable. From top to bottom:
1. The inlet uses a patented curved design that allows the central shaft of the impeller to be positioned on the center line and delivers the inlet flow to the center as well.
2. The patented bearing design stabilizes the center shaft with no moving parts, which could create friction, and thus no seals are required. The small amount of heat that is generated by stabilizing the shaft is removed by the incoming blood.
3. The patented spin inducer is unique to centrifugal pumps. By having a small portion of the impeller spinning in the inlet region, fluid actually begins rotation upstream of the pump. Later in this presentation there is a video that illustrates this effect. The benefit is smoother transition from linear flow in the tubing to rotational flow in the pump.
The impeller can move up and down along the centerline of the pump. This reduces friction in the bearings and allows the pump head to “float” during uses, with the magnetic forces pulling the impeller toward the driver offset by lifting forces from flow upward thru the wash out holes.
The pump housing is sealed using an ultrasonic weld which melts the halves together. Since there are no solvents, the joint is more consistent and stronger.
The next slide animates the flow path within the pump.

7. Flow Path
Flow enters the inlet rinsing the top bearing
Centrifugal force moves fluid to the outside
Fluid not leaving the pump moves back to the low pressure center, rinsing the bottom bearing
Recirculation is completed by fluid moving up thru the central channel
As fluid moves up thru the central channel, it lifts the impeller off the bottom bearing, opposing the magnetic forces, reducing bearing load and bearing friction. The impeller literally floats.

8. Pump-Head Internal Surface Area
Revolution’s small surface area
reduces platelet activation.
Testing documented in Sorin Group Engineering Report SPN0263

9. General Specifications data source: Manufacturers IFU
Model
Prime (ml)
Rate Flow (lpm)
Rated Press (mm Hg)
Max Speed (rpm)
Revolution 57 8
800
3500
Medtronic Biopump 89
900
4400
Sarns Delphin 52
9.9
700
3600
Lifestream Isoflow 65
9.99
Jostra Rotaflow 32 10
750
5000
Terumo Capiox 45
3000
General Specifications data source: Manufacturers IFU

10. Test Circuit 2 cc of air injected Volume collected in chamber
This test injected 2 ml of air and measured how much went thru the pump. More is worse.
Walk thru the test circuit. Explain how the air collection chamber allows even small volumes of air to be captured and measured.
Volume collected in chamber

11. Computational Flow Dynamics
Large changes in velocity would indicate vortexing.
Note steady increases from center to end of vane tips.
Computation Flow Dynamics is interesting. You don’t have to be an expert to explain it. In this plot we are looking at flow velocities. Sudden increases or decreases would indicate vortexing. Walk thru the changes at the tip of the impeller on the flow scale. Note how the changes follow the progression of the colors.

12. Computational Flow Dynamics
Analysis featured in Dynamics magazine
Click here to read the article or go to:
This is a reference for our CFD work.

13. Click on picture to start/stop video
Flow Visualization
Dr. Robin Shandas
Professor of Pediatric
Medicine & Mechanical
Engineering –
University of Colorado
Validates CFD: No Vane Tip Vortices
Gentle acceleration from center to outer diameter
This video shows the motion of particles at the vane tips, illuminated with a strobe light to “freeze” the impeller. If vortexing occurred, the particles would move in a circle.
Click on picture to start/stop video

14. Click on picture to start/stop video
Flow Visualization
Unorganized flow
upstream of inlet
Another flow visualization using particles. Note the random motion pattern.
Upstream of inlet
Click on picture to start/stop video

15. Click on picture to start/stop video
Flow Visualization
Organized flow
approaching inlet
As flow approaches the inlet the particles move in a more straight line, organized path.
Near inlet
Click on picture to start/stop video

16. Click on picture to start/stop video
Flow Visualization
Smooth rotational
flow at inlet due to
spin-inducer
Again, note the organized flow entering the inlet.
Inlet
Click on picture to start/stop video

17. Click on picture to start/stop video
Flow Visualization
Rotational flow
created by
spin-inducer
This video take a little while to get to the illustration. Start it then describe the action of the cone portion of the impeller to begin rotational flow upstream of the pump.
Spin-inducer
Click on picture to start/stop video

18. Plasma Free Hemoglobin at 360 min
This test compares plasma free hemoglobin after running for 360 minutes. The test was run on five of each devices. The error bars show the variation in results.
The P value compares the results for each pump to the Revolution. The p value indicates the probability of the data indicating similar performance (the null hypothesis) is wrong. Typically a p value less than .05 is used to define statistically significant differences in results, in other words, rejecting the null hypothesis.
Low Hemolysis
Testing documented in Sorin Group Engineering Report SPN0263

19. Plasma Free Hemoglobin
Although Revolution is located in the middle of this graph, comment that is is comparable to the best pumps out there. There are two groups in this graph. Note the large increase between Revolution and BP-80. The pumps will higher hemolysis use a old fashion bearing design.
Low Hemolysis
Testing documented in Sorin Group Engineering Report SPN0263

20. Index of Hemolysis Low Hemolysis P=.047 P=.076 P=.007 P=.464 P=.799
Index of Hemolysis is simply a standardized way of looking at plasma free hemoglobin from a hemolysis test. The test was run on five of each devices. The error bars show the variation in results.
Again, note the two groups – low and high.
The P value compares the results for each pump to the Revolution. The p value indicates the probability of the data indicating similar performance (the null hypothesis) is wrong. Typically a p value less than .05 is used to define statistically significant differences in results.
Given these data, including variability shown in the error bars and assuming the .05 significance, the Revolution has statistically significant lower Index of Hemolysis than the BPX-80 and BP-80.
Low Hemolysis
Testing documented in Sorin Group Engineering Report SPN0263

21. Temperature at 360 min Low Heat Generation
This test compares the heat generated by the bearings in a recirculation loop over a long period of time. In this case 6 hours. Temperature increase is another indication of the heat generated by the bearings.
Low Heat Generation
Testing documented in Sorin Group Engineering Report SPN0263

22. Pressure-Flow (@ Maximum RPM)
This graph shows pressure at maximum RPM from 0 to 8 LPM of flow. Running at max RPM is important to underscore in this graph. Flow is reduced by occluding the outlet tubing, then pressure measured at the pump outlet. In the Revolution, as outlet flow is reduced, internal recirculation flow increases, which keeps pressures relatively flat. Note the Revolution is the only pump to moderate maximum pressure this way.
Testing documented in Sorin Group Engineering Report SPN0263

23. Pressure generated at 5 LPM
This graph shows the pressure generated at specific pump speeds for a variety of pumps. Higher efficiency pumps generate more pressure (fluid driving force) at lower RPMs. So a curve farther to the left is better. Note the pumps that use shear stress (cone designs) to generate pressure require higher RPMs.
High Efficiency: Highly efficient pump reduces hemolytic heat generation.
Testing documented in Sorin Group Engineering Report SPN0263

24. A “Friendly Reminder” …
Revolution uses fluid as part of the assembly……
Never run pump-head “dry” due to bearing design
Do not introduce
compressed air into
pump-head

25. Thank you for your time and attention today!
Contact Us
Sorin Group USA, Inc.
14401 W. 65th Way
Arvada, CO 80004
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