1. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. a lesson approach Microsoft® Excel 2010 © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

2. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Build addition and subtraction formulas. 1 Build multiplication and division formulas. 2 Set highlight cells rules. 3 Use order of precedence in a formula. 4 Use relative, absolute, and mixed references. 5 Work with the Page Layout tab. 6 Copy and group worksheets. 7

3. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3

4. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Addition formulas total or sum cell values using the + operator. You can key cell addresses or you can point and click each one.

5. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Subtraction formulas compute the difference between cells using the – operator.  You can use the – sign in the ten-key pad or in the row of numbers at the top of the keyboard.

6. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Cells containing formulas that result in an error.  Inconsistent calculated column formula in an Excel table.  Cells containing years represented as two digits.  Numbers formatted as text or preceded by an apostrophe.  Formulas inconsistent with other formulas in the region.  Formulas which omit cells in a region.  Unlocked cells containing formulas.  Formulas referring to empty cells.  Invalid data entered in an Excel table. The following types of errors can be tagged. Set your choices from the Formulas pane in the Excel Options dialog box. As a default setting, this rule is not active.

7. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Error Checking Options button provides options for dealing with a recognized error.

8. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. You can display formulas on screen as a way to locate errors.

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10. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Multiplication formulas use the * (asterisk) symbol.  Division formulas use the / (forward slash) symbol.  Results are formatted with decimals if the result is not a whole number.  When multiplying or dividing by a percent, you can key the actual percent (75%) or its decimal equivalent (.75). =B8*C8 =B9/C9 =B3*.75 =B3*75%

11. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Percent Style multiplies a value by 100 to convert it.  Comma Style inserts commas as thousands’ separators and sets 2 decimal positions.  The Increase Decimal button adds a decimal position with each click.  The Decrease Decimal button removes a decimal position with each click..33 = 33% 12345 = 12,345.00

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13. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. A highlight cells rule uses comparison or relational operators to apply formatting to a cell. Those cells with values less than zero (negative values) will be shown with light red fill.

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15. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Order of precedence determines what part of a formula is calculated first.  These math rules are also known as order of operation or math hierarchy.  Parentheses can be used to set order of precedence.

16. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

18. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. AutoCalculate enables you to quickly see formula results in the status bar for selected cells.

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20. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  For a relative cell reference, Excel adjusts a copied formula based on the row or column where the copy is located. This is the default reference type and behavior.  In an absolute reference, nothing is changed when a formula is copied.  In a mixed reference, part of the cell reference is adjusted when a formula is copied.

21. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The dollar sign in a cell reference is a reserved symbol. It does not represent currency. A 3-D reference is a cell address on a different worksheet in the workbook.

22. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Split command displays different worksheets or different parts of the same worksheet on screen at the same time.

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24. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Many commands to prepare a worksheet for printed output are available on the Page Layout command tab.

25. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Change page margins.  Set the page orientation.  Choose a paper and page size.  Set a print area and/or print titles.  Scale the worksheet to fit the page or print larger than the page.  Print gridlines and column and row headings.  Define page breaks.  Add a background color or image. From the Page Layout command tab, you can:

26. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Page orientation for a worksheet can be portrait or landscape.

27. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Scaling sets the printed size using a percentage. It can be larger or smaller than 100%. You can also choose the number of pages to be used.

28. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. An image can be used a background. A background appears on screen or in a Web page. It does not print.

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30. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Worksheets can be copied for entering new or edited data. You can also move a worksheet from the Move or Copy dialog box.

31. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. When worksheets are grouped, you can apply many commands to all sheets in the group at once. You can add a header or a footer to grouped sheets using the Page Setup dialog box.

32. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Excel formulas use common arithmetic operators to perform many types of calculations.  Formulas are automatically checked for certain types of errors, such as a reference to an empty cell or inconsistent formulas in a column.  Although Excel can tag certain types of formula errors, it does not correct them.

33. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  The Percent style converts a decimal value to its percentage equivalent and displays a percent symbol.  The Comma style displays values with thousands’ separators (commas) and two decimal places.  There are command buttons in the Number group to increase or decrease decimal positions in a value, too.

34. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  A highlight cells rule is conditional formatting that applies formatting based on a rule set using a relational operator.  Use Paste Special to copy only formats from one cell to another.  Use Go To Special to select cells that meet a particular criteria such as all cells with conditional formats.

35. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  In calculating its formulas, Excel follows mathematical order of precedence.  You can define the order of precedence for a formula by keying parentheses around calculations that should be performed first.  AutoCalculate is an Excel feature in the status bar that displays sums, averages, and other totals for selected cells.

36. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Cell addresses in a formula can be specified as relative, absolute, or mixed. These references determine what happens when the formula is copied.  A 3-D reference is a cell address that refers to a cell on a different worksheet in the same workbook.  Formulas can be displayed in full for documentation or help in locating problems.

37. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Portrait orientation prints a vertical page.  Landscape orientation prints a horizontal page.  The Scale to Fit group on the Page Layout command tab enables you to print the worksheet in a reduced or enlarged size.  Gridlines and row and column headings can be set to display and to print.

38. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Workbooks or individual sheets can be saved as Web pages for viewing in most browsers.  You can add an image as a sheet background for display on a Web page. These backgrounds do not print.  Worksheet columns and/or rows can be hidden from view and unhidden when necessary.

39. a lesson approach © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  The entire worksheet with data and formatting can be copied using the Move and Copy dialog box.  Many commands can be applied to several worksheets at once by grouping the sheets.  Add a header or a footer to grouped sheets using the Page Setup dialog box.