1. Using ASR as a Component of Managing Water Supply & Growth, City of Dallas, OR Using ASR as a Component of Managing Water Supply & Growth, City of Dallas, OR Phil Brown, Golder Associates Presented By:

2. Presentation Outline What is ASR? Why Use ASR? Benefits to City of Dallas What is ASR? Why Use ASR? Benefits to City of Dallas

3. What is ASR? Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) ("concrete cancer”) Asian Soybean Rust (ASR) Automotive Shredder Residue (ASR) (or "fluff“) Americans for Secure Retirement (ASR) Architects for Social Responsibility (ASR) Artificial Surf Reefs (ASR) Australian Seabird Rescue (ASR) Answer Seizure Ratio (ASR) (website operation) Annual Security Report (ASR) (SEC requirement) Articular Surface Replacement' (ASR) (new hip joint) Acceleration Slip Regulation (ASR) Answer Supervision Ratio (ASR) (telemarketing) American Systems Registrar (ASR) (ISO 9000) Artificial Silicon Retina (ASR) (microchip implants) Accredited Seller Representative (ASR®) (real estate) Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) ("concrete cancer”) Asian Soybean Rust (ASR) Automotive Shredder Residue (ASR) (or "fluff“) Americans for Secure Retirement (ASR) Architects for Social Responsibility (ASR) Artificial Surf Reefs (ASR) Australian Seabird Rescue (ASR) Answer Seizure Ratio (ASR) (website operation) Annual Security Report (ASR) (SEC requirement) Articular Surface Replacement' (ASR) (new hip joint) Acceleration Slip Regulation (ASR) Answer Supervision Ratio (ASR) (telemarketing) American Systems Registrar (ASR) (ISO 9000) Artificial Silicon Retina (ASR) (microchip implants) Accredited Seller Representative (ASR®) (real estate) Be Careful What You Ask For

4. Aquifer Storage and Recovery Water is Treated to Applicable Standards Stored in the Subsurface Recovered for Later Use Water is Treated to Applicable Standards Stored in the Subsurface Recovered for Later Use Water Typically Stored and Recovered from the Same Well

5. Why Use ASR? New Supply Sources are Limited –Minimum instream flow –Over-allocation –Conjunctive use policies Water can be available during winter months: high-flow/low-demand Subsurface storage less expensive WTP Efficiency New Supply Sources are Limited –Minimum instream flow –Over-allocation –Conjunctive use policies Water can be available during winter months: high-flow/low-demand Subsurface storage less expensive WTP Efficiency

6. What Does ASR Do? Re-distributes surface water supply profile Expands capacity through increased storage Provides emergency/second source Makes existing infrastructure and new construction more efficient Re-distributes surface water supply profile Expands capacity through increased storage Provides emergency/second source Makes existing infrastructure and new construction more efficient

7. Technical Issues Source Water Availability Source Water Quality Aquifer Storage Capacity Geochemical Compatibility Recovery Efficiency – where native groundwater quality is poor Source Water Availability Source Water Quality Aquifer Storage Capacity Geochemical Compatibility Recovery Efficiency – where native groundwater quality is poor

8. City of Dallas Water Supply  Mercer Reservoir Stores Water on Rickreall Creek (designed for 1550 AF)  10 cfs summer releases from Mercer Reservoir  5.9 cfs Diverted to WTP During Summer Months  Mercer Reservoir Stores Water on Rickreall Creek (designed for 1550 AF)  10 cfs summer releases from Mercer Reservoir  5.9 cfs Diverted to WTP During Summer Months Dallas Rickreall Creek

9. City of Dallas 2007 Water System 842 MG Delivered 5643 Connections 81 new

10. City of Dallas Demand Profile 3 to 4 MGD Summer Average

11. Water Supply Situation: Decreasing Storage Capacity and Increasing Demand  Mercer Reservoir loses 10 AF/year due to sedimentation ~1% annually  Approx. 500AF lost since 1973  Growth is increasing demand  Additional supply required by 2010

12. Storage Options:  Flashboards at Mercer Reservoir to Create an Additional 170 AF  ASR  Construct New Reservoir  Off-Stream Storage  Develop Regional Supply  Flashboards at Mercer Reservoir to Create an Additional 170 AF  ASR  Construct New Reservoir  Off-Stream Storage  Develop Regional Supply

13. Storage Plan:  Install Flashboards at Mercer Reservoir  Implement an ASR system designed to recover 1 MGD during peak demand periods  These actions will extend system capacity by 10 years  Install Flashboards at Mercer Reservoir  Implement an ASR system designed to recover 1 MGD during peak demand periods  These actions will extend system capacity by 10 years

14. ASR Project Overview 2003: Completed ASR Feasibility Studies 2004: Drilled and tested the ASR test well (ASR No. 1) 2005: Design/Construction of ASR No. 1 2003: Completed ASR Feasibility Studies 2004: Drilled and tested the ASR test well (ASR No. 1) 2005: Design/Construction of ASR No. 1

15. Technical Challenges for Dallas Low permeability fractured rock Aquifer (?) not well defined Fresh water shallow - Saline water deep Need to develop fresh storage zone Advective dispersion, density driven mixing Recovery efficiency starts low, then improves RE% = (V R / V S ) X 100 Low permeability fractured rock Aquifer (?) not well defined Fresh water shallow - Saline water deep Need to develop fresh storage zone Advective dispersion, density driven mixing Recovery efficiency starts low, then improves RE% = (V R / V S ) X 100

16. ASR Project Overview 2006: Received ASR testing permit Facility construction 1 st year of testing  6 short cycles Winter 2006/2007: 2 nd year of pilot testing  1st operational-scale cycle 2006: Received ASR testing permit Facility construction 1 st year of testing  6 short cycles Winter 2006/2007: 2 nd year of pilot testing  1st operational-scale cycle

17. 3 rd Year, Winter 2007/2008 Well performance has improved, less buildup Suggests higher density saline water is being displaced 50 MG Target Storage Volume Well performance has improved, less buildup Suggests higher density saline water is being displaced 50 MG Target Storage Volume 2006/2007 2007/2008

18. ASR Pilot Testing Results To-Date  Single-Well System: 0.35 MGD and store 50+ MG/year,  3-well system: 1 + MGD and store 120 MG/year  Aquifer can support ASR, though at limited rates/volumes  Project Will Develop Fresh- Water Storage Zone: how much? 1 MGD = 25% summer demand 120 MG = 14% annual volume  Single-Well System: 0.35 MGD and store 50+ MG/year,  3-well system: 1 + MGD and store 120 MG/year  Aquifer can support ASR, though at limited rates/volumes  Project Will Develop Fresh- Water Storage Zone: how much? 1 MGD = 25% summer demand 120 MG = 14% annual volume

19. Flow Benefit to Rickreall Creek  Excess capacity at WTP allows the City to manage flows in Rickreall Creek  Higher flows:  Increase velocity  Limit warming  Increase DO  Excess capacity at WTP allows the City to manage flows in Rickreall Creek  Higher flows:  Increase velocity  Limit warming  Increase DO

20. Other Benefits  ASR costs do not require rate increase  Increased supply supports growth  ASR costs do not require rate increase  Increased supply supports growth WTP and ASR Site Rickreall Creek

21. The City of Dallas ASR Program Will  Benefit Rate Payers  Result in a Cost Effective Source Expansion Option  Provide Watershed-Scale Benefit Rickreall Creek, and Downstream Users  Benefit Rate Payers  Result in a Cost Effective Source Expansion Option  Provide Watershed-Scale Benefit Rickreall Creek, and Downstream Users

22. Questions? Thank you for your time!