1. eCommerce, eBusiness and Internet Architecture

2. Agenda Introduction and definitions The technology landscape The economic premises and the competitive environment IT as a competitive weapon

3. Today’s Agenda Definitions Technology Landscape Information Systems Architecture The Internet Business Models

4. eCommerce: “Business transactions that take place by telecommunication networks. A process of buying and selling products, services, and information over computer networks” Turban, et al., 2000

5. eCommerce: “An online exchange of value” Brad Wheeler, Indiana University “Digitally enabled commercial transactions between and among organizations and individuals” Laudon and Traver, 2001

6. The concept of online buying and selling over a network has been around for more than 20 years. EDI and Minitel are clear examples. Why then the eCommerce “revolution” is taking place right now? Question…

7. eCommerce Enabling trends: Globalization Digitization Pervasive computing Connectivity Manifestations: Ubiquity and availability Universal open standards Global reach Richness Interactivity Information density Personalized transactions and customized products Personalized transactions and customized products

8. Back

14. eBusiness “ The digital enablement of transactions and processes within the firm, involving information systems under the control of the firm” Laudon and Traver, 2001

15. eBusiness “ Strategic deployment of computer- mediated business tools and information technologies to satisfy business objectives” Hoffman & Novak, 1996 But also to re-shape them and create new ones

16. eBusiness “Fundamentally new ways of doing business … not mere extensions of existing business practices.” Hoffman & Novak, 1996 Where information and communication technologies become the fabric of the firm’s business processes

17. eBusiness Infrastructure

18. eComm, tip of the iceberg Modern Strategic IT eCommerce Applications eBusiness Infrastructure

19. Becoming mainstream “In five years there will be no eCommerce, just Commerce.” Anonymous “All business will soon be e-business” Don Tapscott

20. Classification: Transactions Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Business-to-Business (B2B) Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) Consumer-to-Business (C2B) Peer-to-peer (P2P) M-commerce U-commerce

21. Company structure Bricks and mortar Pure play (e.g., Amazon.com) Independent venture of established organization (e.g., Barnsandnoble.com) Integrated organization spanning both realms - Bricks and Clicks or Clicks and Mortar (e.g., RiteAid and Drugstore.com)

22. The building blocks of eBiz Infrastructure (e.g., ISP, equipment) Integrated business applications Inter-organizational systems (IOS) New organizational forms Business models

23. Information System Architecture

24. San Pietro in Vaticano (1505-1593)

25. Architecture The art or practice of designing and building structures Webster Dictionary

26. IS Architecture The IS Architecture represents the manner in which the components of an Information System fit together and are deployed to deliver expected information processing capabilities.

27. IS Architecture Architecture design: Benefits To general and functional management To the IS professionals Architecture design: Risks Architecture as a diagnostic tool

28. Architecture: components Technical Infrastructure Hardware infrastructure Software infrastructure Social Infrastructure Governing bodies Infrastructure management Applications and Services Software applications and services Data resources Users

29. Internet: Hardware infrastructure Host Host computers Mainframes Minicomputers Workstations Microcomputers PDAs Smart appliances Any computer connected to the Internet Any Internet “node” Host

30. Internet: Hardware infrastructure Communication Media POTS Cables Fiber optics Satellite (ether) Dedicated equipment Switches Routers

31. Source: http://www.UUNET.com/

32. I wish I could find out how sales are going. Yesterday we did well. How will we do today? Internet: Hardware infrastructure Host It’s hot today, we are selling fast! Increase prices!! ARAMARK

33. Internet: Software infrastructure Server Client Client/Server Model

34. Internet: Software infrastructure www.howstuffworks.com Telephone Network Circuit Switching

35. Internet: Software infrastructure www.howstuffworks.com Packet Switching

36. Internet: Software infrastructure Transmitted Data Addressing Packet Location ~ 300 bytes The Packet

37. Some Examples Tracing the packets (Neotrace) Loosing the packets (Streaming video)

38. Internet: Software infrastructure Universal Open Communication Protocol: TCP/IP

39. Internet: Software infrastructure IP address: IP address octets 130.39.100.123 Uniform Resource Locator (URL) protocol://machine_address[:port]/directory/file

40. Dissecting a URL http://freeman.tulane.edu/emba/emba.htm http = protocol (e.g., ftp, http, Telnet).edu = top level domain Tulane.edu = domain name Freeman.tulane.edu = server at domain pmba = a directory on server pmba.html = a file containing html code

41. Network Solutions

42. Obtaining a Domain Name Piccoli

43. Who owns Piccoli.com Maybe they would sell it? Piccoli.com

44. Internet: Software infrastructure Mark-up Languages HTML HyperText Markup Language Cross-platform How information is displayed Plug-ins

45. HTML:

46. Internet: Software infrastructure Mark-up Languages HTML HyperText Markup Language Cross-platform How information is displayed Plug-ins XML eXtensible Markup Language Cross-platform Easily customizable The meaning of the information

47. XML:

48. Document Type Definition Defines the content and structure of XML doc. Accompanies the XML doc

50. Internet: Social infrastructure Infrastructure management Distributed private ownership Independent management Governing bodies Open standards ICANN W3C

51. Internet: Traditional services Electronic Mail World Wide Web File Transfer Protocol Telnet Mail Explosion Application Asynchronous Electronic Discussion Synchronous Electronic Discussion

52. Internet: Future services Messaging applications Streaming media Voice over IP Wireless Networking Wireless Web (WAP and iMode) Bluetooth and Wi-Fi (802.11b) Internet Appliances Software on demand (ASP model)

53. Internet: Data resources Distributed data sources Distributed ownership of the data

54. Conclusion The IS Architecture represents the manner in which the components of an Information System fit together and are deployed to deliver expected information processing capabilities.