1. Arranging Permanent Flowers

2. Variety quality and variety of permanent flowers is continually improving requested frequently by customers

3. Permanent Flowers silk paper dried and or preserved

4. Design principles that guide fresh flower arrangement also apply to permanent flowers mechanics involved in arranging permanents are different

5. Permanent flowers easier to arrange are not perishable may be manipulated and mechanically secured without concern for wilting

6. Silk applies to a wide variety of fabric flowers which are sold to florists silk, nylon, cotton, rayon and blends are commonly used

7. Silk great variability in the grades of fabric used resulting in a variety of quality and prices levels

8. Silk available in two basic types molded, plastic stemmed hand-wrapped

9. Molded usually made of polyester heat molded in a die form to create the petals placed on a stem made of wire covered with plastic

10. Molded usually less expensive than hand-wrapped silks

11. Hand-wrapped usually produced with multiple flowers on a single stem bushes and bouquets are frequently made with this type of silk flowers

12. Hand-wrapped petals are usually cut with a stamp then attached to wire and positioned to create the flower

13. Hand-wrapped then secured to a wire stem which is hand wrapped with floral tape flowers may be hand painted or dyed

14. Hand-wrapped process makes the flowers look real more expensive because of the labor required usually sold individually

15. Paper created from rice paper, parchment, and bark fiber paper formed in the flower shape and most are available with wired petals and leaves

16. Paper flowers and leaves are attached to a main stem wrapped with paper or floral tape

17. Paper may be pre-dyed before being formed into flowers or air brushed after the flower has been formed

18. Paper more expensive that molded, plastic-stemmed flowers because of the amount of labor required to produce them.

19. Dried and Preserved in great demand for arrangements in the home frequently used for wall hangings and for decorating wreaths

20. Dried and Preserved can also be combined with silk to create attractive arrangements

21. Freeze Drying have all the moisture mechanically removed from their cells flowers retain some suppleness to their texture

22. Freeze Drying equipment is expensive cost is higher than flowers dried by other methods

23. Mechanics similar to those for fresh flowers precautions against wilting are not necessary

24. Mechanics dry foam made especially for dried materials is used to support the stems two types of foam available

25. Mechanics one for delicate materials other for larger, sturdy stems styrofoam may also be used

26. Mechanics delicate stemmed flowers are placed on a wooden or steel pick before being inserted into styrofoam

27. Mechanics dry foam is easily wedged into containers without additional support may also be attached with hot glue

28. Mechanics foam is hidden by covering it with sheet moss or Spanish moss prevents foam from being visible in the arrangement

29. Mechanics moss is held in place with pins, similar to hairpins flowers may be glued in place, prevents flowers from turning or slipping out of the foam

30. Mechanics dipping stems in pan glue before inserting is the easiest method