1. Layering

2. Asexual Propagation Roots are formed on a stem
root while still attached to the parent plant

3. Asexual Propagation the stem or root which is rooted is called a layer
the layer is removed from the plant only after rooting has taken place

4. Advantages and Disadvantages
relatively simple
requires more time
requires a lot of work by hand
fewer plants can be started from each parent plant

5. Advantages and Disadvantages
usually very successful
some plants layer naturally - raspberry

6. Simple Layering a branch from the parent plant is bent to the ground
covered with soil at one point
terminal end remains exposed

7. Air Layering Ancient Chinese practiced air layering
process eliminates burying part of the plant in the soil

8. Air Layering instead, a part of the stem is girdled
cut all the way around
the cut is surrounded by moist sphagnum or peat moss

9. Air Layering Moss is wrapped with plastic to hold in place
roots grow from the wound on the stem

10. Air Layering Plants that propagate well this way: Rubber Tree
Persian Lime
Magnolia

11. Air Layering When rooting is complete 4-6 weeks
cut layer BELOW roots and transplant
Parent portion will continue to grow and form new branches

12. Trench Layering parent plant is bent to the ground and covered.
Shoots arise from buried buds and roots form under soil

13. Stool or Mound Layering
parent plant is cut back to the soil level
entire plant is mounded with soil
forms numerous shoots and roots

14. Compound Layering stem is covered by soil at two or more points
remaining portion is left uncovered
Stem is girdled at points

15. Compound Layering girdled points are buries with soil
roots grow from the girdled points
Above ground parts continue to produce leaves and stems