1. Transitional Justice Working Group Initiative The Road to Peace in Liberia: Citizens Views on Transitional Justice August-September, 2004 SUBAH-BELLEH ASSOCIATES GREENBERG QUINLAN ROSNER RESEARCH INC

2. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 1 “I appeal to the government that let this new Liberia be a new Liberia and what has happened should be in the past. Everybody should be given rights and let us build a new Liberia.” - Female, Nimba County A New Liberia

3. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 2 Country Direction

4. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 3 Bryant Job Approval

5. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 4 Thermometer Ratings: Government Mean Score on a Scale from 0-100

6. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 5 Faction Leaders in Transitional Government

7. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 6 Effectiveness of DDRR

8. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 7 Duration of Peace

9. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 8 Progress Made

10. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 9 Economic Progress

11. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 10 Concerns 54

12. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 11 DDRR Process

13. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 12 Liberian Government Efforts

14. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 13 UNMIL Efforts

15. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 14 Justice System

16. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 15 Progress in Justice Issues

17. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 16 Thermometer Ratings: TRC Mean Score on a Scale from 0-100

18. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 17 War Experiences

19. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 18 Dealing With the Past

20. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 19 Prosecution of War Figures

21. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 20 Addressing the War and Abuses For those willing to admit their crimes, there would be no formal legal proceedings or prosecution. For those unwilling to admit to crimes, there would be formal legal proceedings and prosecution Only target leaders and commanders of warring factions identified as committing or ordering abuses, and subject them to formal legal action and prosecution. Confront and document the abuses through a written record, but without identifying individuals responsible for the abuses and without holding formal legal proceedings and prosecutions Prosecute excombatants and leaders of warring factions who committed abuses, but avoid widespread public discussion about the abuses

22. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 21 Actions for Peace and Reconciliation Create a written record of all the abuses that happened during the war Create a special court to prosecute faction leaders and punish those found guilty of committing human rights violations Create a truth crime tribunal where people can tell their stories about what they did during the war without fear of prosecution Give amnesty to all combatants who turn in their weapons Give amnesty to all combatants who turn in their weapons, including faction leaders Create a special court to prosecute combatants and punish those found guilty of committing human rights violations Jail faction leaders for crimes committed during the war Jail combatants for crimes committed during the war

23. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 22 “If there is no record, no advice will be given and I will continue to do it [crimes]. So at least if we can forgive we shouldn’t forget our records, so when it has been written and documented, you know what is wrong and can’t do it in the future. ” - Female, Bong County Written Record Quote

24. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 23 Eligible for Amnesty Excombatants who have turned in their weapons All ExcombatantsFaction leaders and commanders, even those that ordered combatants to kill, rape and torture civilians during the war Faction leaders and commanders

25. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 24 Granting Amnesty

26. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 25 TRC Hearings

27. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 26 Current or New Courts to Judge War Abuses

28. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 27 Composition of Special Court Liberians or Foreigners?

29. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 28 “It is going to be Liberians who face the courts. If the judges are Liberians, they will want to back each other, but if a foreigner comes in the truth will be unveiled.” - Female, Bong County Foreigners in New Court Quote

30. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 29 Thermometer Ratings: International Mean Score on a Scale from 0-100

31. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 30 Need for the International Community

32. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 31 Victims Compensation

33. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 32 Original Origins From county Moved voluntarily Forced to move Yes No Plan to Return

34. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 33 Home County – Those that Moved

35. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 34 Home County - IDPs

36. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 35 Excombatant Reintegration

37. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 36 “They should be accepted because we are talking about forgiveness, healing, we are talking about being patriots and so we should accept them in the community.” - Male Community Leader, Monrovia Reintegration Quote

38. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 37 “If I am not welcome, I will come back and ask you to carry me so as to talk to my people to forgive me because as we are talking about peace, everybody needs to forgive each other.” - Bomi excombatant Reintegration Quote

39. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 38 Charles Taylor Committed War Crimes

40. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 39 Taylor Punishment

41. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 40 October 2005 Elections

42. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 41 Liberians are optimistic about the future of Liberia and have seen progress made in many areas, but more needs to be done, especially in terms of economic conditions, education and the justice system. Liberians also feel that the government is doing too little, particularly in respect to non-combatants. While Liberians want to put the past behind them, this does not mean they want to forget about the past. Liberians are strongly in favor of having a written record. But a written record alone will not suffice. Key Findings

43. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 42 Holding truth crime tribunals where excombatants can publicly admit their wrongs without fear of retribution is the most approved manner to address the war. This was also strongly approved by excombatants, so would be the best mechanism to bring excombatants into the justice system. While most Liberians do not want to prosecute excombatants, there is a strong desire to prosecute faction leaders and commanders and hold them accountable. Liberians do not think the current court system can handle the prosecutions of war crimes and desire a special court comprised of both Liberians and foreigners. Key Findings

44. Liberia August/September 2004 Figure # 43 Liberians think they can not go it alone and need assistance from the international community. There is also a strong desire to reintegrate excombatants back into their communities. Key Findings