1. Pg. 30 RTW: What does this device do? (Hint: It’s more than a clock…) Objective: I will be able to explain the major contributions to oceanography Agenda: Notes Tuesday, September 16

2. Charles Darwin- naturalist 1831, sailed on the HMS Beagle goal was to map the western coastline of South America Found new species of plants and animals. 1807, Thomas Jefferson authorized Survey of the Coast (the predecessor to NOAA) NOAA- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

3. Theory of Coral Reef Development

4. Galapagos Tortoise

5. Marine Iguana http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qd- 1_CjgGCQ&safe=active http://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=VfZQfCkKuKM&saf e=active

6. HMS Challenger- 1873-1876 Led by Sir Charles Thompson Led the most successful ocean expedition devoted exclusively to scientific study Collected water, sediment, and temp data Identified more than 4700 new species of marine organisms Discovered the “Challenger Deep” in the Mariana’s trench. (over 35,000 ft. deep)

7. S.T.A.R 1. Who is the “father of physical oceanography”? 2. What did Benjamin Franklin hypothesize about what was happening to the mail between England and America? 3. What did Thomas Jefferson authorize? 4. What was Charles Darwin’s goal? What did he also do? 5. Who discovered the “Challenger Deep”?

8. Did You Know? The Pacific Ocean is so big it could fit all of the Earth’s continents. The word pacific means peaceful. However, the Pacific Ocean is far from peaceful. Thousands of volcanoes rise up from the Pacific Ocean Wednesday, September 17

9. Objective: I will research one kind of submersible and be prepared to teach other students about it’s characteristics & importance. As well, I will take notes on the research done by other students. Agenda: Jigsaw Activity- Submersibles Research! Create notes on specific submersible to share (NEED TO HAVE COMPLETED BEFORE CLASS TOMORROW!!) Homework: Start reviewing for the exam next week (Unit 2) History of Exploration Scientific Contributions Submersibles

10. Pg. 32 Jigsaw Submersibles Groups: 1. ROVs vs. AUVs Trieste- Challenger Deep Alvin- hydrothermal vents & Titanic site Johnson Sealink- panoramic view 2. Loran-C navigation 3. GPS and other satellites 4. SCUBA 5. Aquarius Reef Base ROVs vs. AUVs Aquarius Reef Base SCUBA GPS & Satellites Loran-C Navigation

11. What to Cover 1. What is this technology? (definition & short explanation) 2. When was it invented/established 3. How has it contributed to the study of the ocean? (research, findings, missions, etc.) 4. Interesting facts When was it invented? Who invented it? Future use? Misc.

12. Jigsaw Submersibles Day 2 Now that you are an expert on your topic… We will be getting into new groups composed of representatives from #1-5 (one person from AUVs/ROVs, Loren-C, GPS, SCUBA, & Aquarius Reef Base) In these groups you will: 1. Explain what you found in your group, teaching them the material. 2. Write notes about the other groups as they tell you what they found. Feel free to ask questions to each other to understand the concepts. Thursday, September 18

13. Submersibles Pg. 33

14. Diving Vessels Also called submersibles ROVs= Remotely Operated Vehicles AUVs= Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Bathysphere Bathysphere, allowed aquanauts to go to deeper depths Bathyscaphe Bathyscaphe is a steel un-tethered submersible that could be controlled. Deepest dive in history (1960). Alvin Alvin is a self-propelled machine with mechanical arms that can pick up specimens and can carry three humans JASON JASON, a robot, does not carry people

16. The Bathysphere

17. 1880 to 1950 V. Walfrid Ekman – Figured out the Ekman Spirals and Ekman Layer Fridtjof Nansen – Made the Nansen Bottle. Now people could take samples of water from different depths of water. Beebe and Barton – First bathysphere to 4,000 feet Steel sphere at the end of a long cable (tethered)

18. Marie Thorp and Bruce Heezen – made the first map of the ocean bottom and provided evidence for the theory of Continental Drift. Auguste Piccard – First bathyscaphe to reach the bottom of the Mariana's Trench at 35,800 feet.

20. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dC0hX mO9Phs&safe=active http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XX7W dfCgnM&safe=active http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0mBG0L bAoqk&safe=active http://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=FGzaUiu tuRk&safe=active

21. This trip was made in 1960 and never Repeated!! The decent took 4 hours and 48 minutes. Don Walsh and Jacques Piccard inside Trieste

22. The Meteor, a German ship, 25 months on Atlantic ocean using sonar sonar Sonar- sound navigation ranging mapped the ocean floor revealing many different depths and features

23. Exploring the Ocean with Personal Diving Equipment Under world called Inner Space 2500 B.C., glass was discovered and the first mask was made In the 17 th century a diving chamber/bell was invented Later came a diving suit http://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=oxWFqwFHXoo&safe=active

24. 1797 1837

25. 1855

26. The Modern Scuba Tank 1943- Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan made final improvements A tank with compressed air was developed that was strapped on the diver’s back air breathed through a regulator marketed as the aqua-lung S.C.U.B.A- Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus.

28. SCUBA Kitty

29. Did You Know? The largest octopus weighs about 15kg (Octopus dofleini). An Octopus has three hearts and it can squeeze through a hole the size of a 10-cent coin. Hapalochlaena species can inject enough venom in one bite to kill several adult humans. They can adopt a two-tentacles "walk" that frees up their six remaining limbs and makes them look like an armed vehicle. Friday, September 19

30. Dark and Luminous Blue Pg. 34 Read the article and answer the questions on pg. 34 of your ISN Turn in the article and question handout when you are finished. (take them home to finish if you need to) Enjoy reading about the first deep ocean dive from the perspective of the first diver!