1. International and National Developments in Research Careers Presentation by: Dr. Conor O’Carroll UCC Researcher Conference 23-04-12

2. Research Careers OR Careers for Researchers?

3. Research Career Structure European Framework for Research Careers 2011 R1 First Stage Researcher (up to the point of PhD) R2 Recognised Researcher (PhD holders or equivalent who are not yet fully independent) R3 Established Researcher (researchers who have developed a level of independence) R4 Leading Researcher (researchers leading their research area or field)

4. National / International Policy Funding

5. National Policy Strategy for Science Technology & Innovation (2006) Advisory Science Council (ACSTI) Research Careers (2008) Higher Education Research Group (HERG) Research Careers (2010) Hunt Report – Higher Education Strategy (2011) Report on Research Prioritisation (2012) Irish Research Council (IRC) 2012?

6. Higher Education Strategy for 2030 The researcher’s role should be afforded a wider focus, better mobility and increased career opportunities. A clear career path should be established for researchers that develops their talents and rewards them appropriately. In addition to all research-active staff normally participating fully in undergraduate teaching, researchers should, where possible, be afforded opportunities to participate in teaching such as laboratory supervision and tutorials. Greater mobility of staff should be facilitated between higher education on the one hand and enterprise and the public service on the other,

7. Higher Education Research Group (HERG) HERG Recommendations HEIs and funding agencies should adopt the following career title structure

8. HERG Recommendations All researchers should prepare a career/research- development plan at the start of a contract. Principal Investigators should have a formal role in the mentoring and management of researchers A systematic and continuous professional development and appraisal system

9. HERG Recommendations Researchers at all levels should be encouraged to engage in continuous professional development. HEIs and funding agencies should provide opportunities for researchers to acquire generic/transferable skills. allow contract researchers that have made a significant contribution to a funding application to be named on the application as a significant contributor. experience and skills developed should be formally recognised and taken into account in performance appraisal systems.

10. HERG Recommendations Mobility experience should be encouraged, facilitated and fully valued A transparent, open and competitive-based recruitment process Research funding bodies should review their programmes to ensure consistency with the proposed researcher title structure. should develop a salary structure for contract researchers employed in HEIs, which can be adopted on a national basis.

11. National Funding

12. N ational Funding for Career Development - direct Science Foundation Ireland senior postdoc (PIYRA, SIRG) Irish Research Council (IRCHSS + IRCSET) PhD + Early Postdoc Senior Researcher (HSS) Health Research Board (HRB) Clinician Scientist

13. University Funding Funding mechanism Academic Positions (long-term funded from Core Grant based on undergraduate student numbers) Research Positions (short-term funded by research income from national and international agencies, industry etc) Status Researchers are employees (FTWA2003)

14. Research Activity 2006-2010 University Research Activity 2006-2010 20062007200820092010 Source€ million Direct Research Funding Government Departments238279333386348 Private Sector / Industry3041495042 EU32313036 Indirect Research Support Staff Costs819097114106 University Research Overhead Costs5557687164 Research Administration Costs2023 2423 TOTAL455521600681619

15. Research Activity 2006-2010

16. European Policy and Funding European Research Area Treaty of Lisbon Framework Programmes Innovation Union (2010)

17. Relevant Innovation Union Commitments #1 - training of a sufficient number of researchers to meet national R&D targets and promotion of attractive employment conditions in public research institutions; #30 - ensuring that leading academics, researchers and innovators reside and work in Europe and attracting a sufficient number of highly skilled third country nationals to stay in Europe.

18. Relevant Innovation Union Commitments #4 - removing obstacles to mobility and cross- border co-operation through a common approach including on the following topics: –quality of doctoral training, –attractive employment conditions and gender balance in research careers, –mobility across countries and sectors, –open recruitment in public research institutions, –comparable research career structures –creation of European supplementary pension funds;

19. European Policy and Funding The Principles of Innovative Doctoral Training (2011) The European Framework for Research Careers (EFRC) 2010 R1 - research training (PhD) R2 - research training to independence (postdoc) R3 - research independence to leadership (senior postdoc) R4 – research leadership (professor)

20. European Framework for Research Careers Guiding Principles –Research Excellence –Core competencies linked to research –Overarching framework for all sectors –Transferability of the competencies and skills –Not linked to any job title or career track

21. SGHRM Working Group - “Skills” 1. What are the national /regional strategies/initiatives for these levels (R1 to R4)? IRELAND R1 - High level of activity R2 - R1 + grant writing, networking etc R3 - Linked to independence R4 - Limited (Leadership, Deans, VP’s)

22. SGHRM Working Group - “Skills”

23. “Charter & Code” 40 principles Charter: framework for career management for researchers Code: promotes open and transparent recruitment and appraisal http://ec.europa.eu/euraxess/index.cfm/rights/index

24. Human Resources Strategy for Researchers “Next-step” - encourage mainstreaming of C&C in research entities’ policies 5-Step Procedure Results in Commission acknowledgment (permission to use HR Excellence logo) Irish HEIs taking part to-date are UCD, RCSI, UCC, UL, DCU and WIT –Working towards permission to use the logo

25. European Funding – direct FP7 to Horizon 2020 Marie (Slowdoska) Curie (R2+R3+R4) €4bn to €6.5bn European Research Council (ERC) = R3+R4 €7bn to €14bn

26. National Trends

27. PhD Numbers 2004-2010

28. Academic & Research Staff

29. Top 20 Countries in All Fields 2011* in terms of citations per paper) Sources:http://www.sciencewatch.com/dr/cou/2011/11decALL/ http://sciencewatch.com/dr/cou/2008/08decALL/ http://www.in-cites.com/countries/ireland.htmlhttp://www.sciencewatch.com/dr/cou/2011/11decALL/http://sciencewatch.com/dr/cou/2008/08decALL/ http://www.in-cites.com/countries/ireland.html In 2008 Ireland appeared in the ‘Top Countries in All Fields’ list for the first time. Currently at 20 th place in the world, we have moved up from 36 th in the world in 2003

30. The Growth of Ireland’s Research Impact In the early 1980’s the impact of Irish research was on a par with Greece, Poland and Portugal. From 2000 onwards Ireland’s research impact grew, exceeding the world, EU-15 and (by 2008) the OECD averages. Source: Thomson Reuters InCites, accessed March 15 th 2012

31. Where we came from. Where we are now. Source: Thomson Reuters InCites, accessed March 15 th 2012

32. Research Careers OR Careers for Researchers?