1. History of Forest Management in U.S.

2. Distribution of National Forest Lands - Diversity of Forest Types in U.S. - East to West, North to South

3. Distribution of National Park & Monument Lands

4. Lower Peninsula

5. Upper Peninsula

6. Pigeon River

7. Ownership of Forestlands In U.S.: Private = 58% = 100 M ha (250 M A) Forest Industry = 14% = 24 M ha National Forest = 18% = 31 M ha NPS, other = 10% = 17 M ha U.S. Forest Service (USDA) 1) administer national forest lans 2) research 3) state-level cooperation * Use multiple-use approach & sustainable yield model

8. Sustained yield concept dependent on: Distribution of age classes Length of rotation (harvest cycle) Reason for harvest (tree species) pulpwood vs. sawlogs

9. Forest Products

10. Artificial Regeneration

11. Site Index: characterize quality of stand = size of tree after 50 years (100 years in some parts of U.S.) > Site index = better quality stand * Based on red oak

12. Even vs. Uneven Stands

13. Disturbance Regimes

14. Even-Age Management

15. Controversy of Clearcuts Pros = early successional habitat, quick, $$, tree-specific Cons = erosion, edge effects, aesthetics, reduce diversity

16. Clearcuts and National Forest Management

17. Patch Clearcuts

18. Disturbance Regimes in Forest Landscapes

19. Patch Clearcuts Simulating Natural Disturbance

20. Strip Cutting

21. Strip-Cutting vs. Seed Tree Cuts

22. Group Selection

23. Single-Tree Selection

24. Unsustainable Demand for Wood Products

25. Distribution of Tropical Forests

26. Tropical Forests Approximately 70% of life on Earth Huge diversity / small population size Approximately 50% already harvested….Amazon, Indonesia

27. Tropical Forests Slash-and-burn agriculture, cattle ranching, logging (teak, mahogany)

28. Tropical Forests Chico Mendes & rubber tappers – organize reserves for nontimber products Murdered in 1988 “At first I thought I was fighting to save rubber trees, then I thought I was fighting to save the Amazon rainforest. Now I realise I am fighting for humanity.”

29. Forest Certification Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) – international certification that timber harvested in ecologically, socially, and economically sound manner

30. Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Members = foresters, timber traders, retailers, environmental groups, indigenous peoples Forest mgt certification = examine forestry operations Forest product certification = tracking the history of a wood product