1. Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson
Election of 1912

2. Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal
Progressive who extended federal government's power to improve labor conditions, control big business, and support conservation
Trust-buster – breaking up major trusts that he believed abused their power gained him popularity with the American people
Arbitrator – Felt his job was to keep society operating efficiency so he mediated conflicts between unions and owners
Arbitration – a settlement negotiated by an outside power

4. Major Legislation
Hepburn Act – Gave the Interstate Commerce Commission the power to set railroad rates
Meat Inspection Act – Required federal inspection of meat sold through interstate commerce and required the Agriculture department to set standards of cleanliness in meatpacking plants
Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle was published that showed conditions in Chicago slaughterhouses
Pure Food and Drug Act – Prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure or falsely labeled food and drugs

5. Roosevelt and Conservation
Realized the nations natural resources were being used up and urged Americans to conserve and protect
Newlands Reclamation Act – authorized federal funds from public land sales to pay for irrigation and land development projects
Established US Forest Service – controlled lumbering on federal lands, added 100 million acres to national forests, established 5 national parks, and 51 wildlife reservations

6. Taft’s Reforms
Payne-Aldrich Tariff – barely cut tariffs and raised on some goods – debate over tariffs split the Republican party
Made million’s of acres of public forests available for private development angering progressives
Children’s Bureau – agency that investigated and publicized the problems of child labor
Bureau of Mines – monitor the activities of mining companies, expanded the national forests and protected waterpower sites
Opponent of monopolies - he brought many anti-trust cases to court

8. Roosevelt’s view on Taft
Roosevelt believed Taft would be the ideal person to continue his policies
Roosevelt did not feel he had done that so Roosevelt announced he would reenter politics and attempt to replace Taft as the Republican nominee
Roosevelt created the Bull Moose party and ran as a Progressive
The Republican vote was split between Taft and Roosevelt allowing democrat Woodrow Wilson to win the Election of 1912

10. 1912 Election

11. And the winner is…….Wilson

12. Wilson’s New Freedom Reforms
Tariff Reform
Underwood Tariff reduced the tariff on imported goods and allowed Congress to collect income tax
Banking Reform
Federal Reserve Act created 12 regional banks that set interest rates on what they charged other banks to borrow – banks would have to keep a portion of their deposits in a regional reserve
Antitrust Action
Federal Trade Commission was created to monitor American businesses and investigate companies that engaged in unfair trade practices that hurt competition
Clayton Antitrust Act – outlawed certain practices that restricted competition and banned discrimination in selling
Keating-Owen Child Labor Act – prohibited the employment of children under the age of 14 in factories producing good for interstate commerce

13. Federal Reserve Bank map