1. The Role of Water, Trees, Livestock, Crops, Wildlife Individually or in an Integrated Way Drylands Programme Meeting: Nairobi March 2011 Group 1

2. Clarify how the dimension we are working in contributes to successful implementation and scaling up Is scaling up required? – design different approaches for different contexts Need to try multiple options across multiple circumstances to learn what works where and for whom

3. Overarching principles Water balance and soil health are compromised in many instances There are strong feedbacks between components – need to be managed in such a way as to optimise the benefits to people In an integrated way

4. Overarching principles Water and soil nutrients are an input and output that flows though the entire system Underpins primary production Influences livestock, wildlife Leaves the system

5. Roles of different actors What is generalisable? – difficult Need more cross location analysis Systematic analysis of all the case studies – integrated management solution of what’s making them work and where?

6. Roles of different actors Water is central? We need to ascertain who has tenure over water flowing through the system – particularly where management retains water in a particular area – negotiations over water rights issues

7. Is the dimension context specific? Yes –To agro-eco zone –Socio-economic, governance, cultural issues –We tend to think things are homogenous at a larger scale than they are – so we need to design projects at a scale at which they are relevant – challenges the assumptions of scaling up –So need context based intervention

8. Is the dimension context specific? This has implications for how we store and communicate knowledge about interventions and how they can be combined in specific locations/contexts Questions about climate change – focus on coping with climate variability? At the scale at which interventions need to be planned and where predictions of climate change are uncertain