1. CoRT Thinking Edward de Bono
PMI, CAF:Rules
C&S, AGO: Planning
FIP, APC: Decisions
OPV
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003

2. PMI: Plus, Minus, Interesting
The PMI – a crystallization of the open-minded attitude into a tool that can be used deliberately.
The PMI is never intended to prevent decision or commitment but to ensure that this happens after both sides of the matter have been considered and not before
PMI is used to avoid being emotional in considering an idea
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003

3. CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003
What do you think of the following situation?
Students should study in a classroom without chairs and desks to sit and write on.
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003

4. CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003
PMI: THE TREATMENT OF IDEAS
P=Plus The good things about an idea – Why you like it M=Minus The bad things about an idea – Why you don’t like it I=Interesting What you find interesting about an idea
In considering an idea, first state the good points, then the bad points and the points which are neither good nor bad, but are
Interesting.
You can use PMI as a way of treating ideas, suggestions, and proposals.
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003

5. CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003
EXAMPLE
Idea: All seats should be taken out of buses
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6. CAF Consider All Factors
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003

7. CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003
That the person selling really owns it.
The price of the car
The type of car and colour.
The engine power and the speed of the car
That all the mechanical parts are working perfectly.
That it is big enough for the family
PRINCIPLES
Doing a CAF is useful before choosing, deciding or planning.
It is better to consider all factors first and then pick out the ones that matter most
If you’ve left an important factor, your answer may seem right but later would turn out to be wrong.
CAF can also be used to assess other people’s thinking.
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003

8. CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003
Consider All Factors
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003

9. C&S - Consequence and Sequel
C&S is a crystallization of the process of looking ahead to see the consequences of some action, plam, decision,
rule, invention, etc.
C&S deals with what may happen after the decision has been made. There are immediate consequences as well as short- term (1-5 years), medium-term (5-25 years) and long-term consequences (over 25 years)
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003

10. CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003
C&S is concerned with action of some sort, either the action that one intends to take oneself or the actions the others are
Taking. The intention is to enlarge the view beyond the immediate effect of certain action.
When CAF is concerned about a situation at the moment, then C&S is thinking a head obviously, consequences also can turn up as part of PMI, but the important point is, C&S is focused
Directly on the future
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11. CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003
C&S Example
A man introduced rabbits to Australia to provide hunting for his friends. The immediate consequences were good because his friends had plenty to shoot at. The short-term consequences were also good because the rabbits provided an alternative source of meat. The medium term consequences were bad because the rabbit multiplied so much that it became a pest. The long term consequences were very bad because the rabbits spread all over
Australia and did a great deal of damage to crops.
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003

12. CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003
Practice
A new electronic robot is invented to replace all human labour in Malaysian factories. Do a C&S
On this.
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003

13. PRINCIPLES of using C&S?
PROJECT
The world runs out of oil and gas. What would happen
CoRT 1/Thinking Techniques/2003