1. Rare mammary gland diseases: a continuous challenge for the clinician
Paula Maria Gliga, Alexandra Diana Mihuti
Coordinator: Assoc.Prof. Marian Dorin MD, PhD

2. Introduction Epidemiology of breast cancer :
23 % of all types of cancer in female patients in Romania
Most frequent type of cancer: ductal carcinoma
Epidemiology of benign tumors:
More common than malign tumors
Most frequent type: fibrocystic disease

3. Objective Rare diseases: Identification Description
Methods of examination

4. Methods and materials Number of patients: 17 Gender: females
Mean age: 51
Period of time: 10 years ( )

5. Results

6. Primary breast lymphoma
Rapidly growing lump
Appears as a hypoechoic mass in ultrasound
Correct diagnosis is done using a Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)

7. Primary breast lymphoma

8. Lymphoma
Journal of Cytology, 2013
Courtesy of Dr. R. Georgescu

9. Hydatid cyst Cause: Echinococcus granulosus
Humans function as accidental hosts
Common locations: liver, lungs
Only 0,27% occur in breast
Best screening modality for diagnosis is ultrasound

10. Hydatid cyst
Curtesy Ali Alamer et al.

11. Hydatid cyst
Curtesy Ali Alamer et al.

12. Toxoplasmosis Cause: Toxoplasma gondii
Infects a large proportion of the population but rarely causes clinically significant disease
Diagnosed correctly using serological tests

13. Breast melanoma Malignant tumor of melanocytes
< 5% of all malignant melanomas
It may be primary or metastatic

14. Tuberculosis of the breast
Cause: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Radiological and ultrasound imaging define only the extent of the lesion
FNAC is a useful tool for diagnosis
Open biopsy almost always confirms this disease
If correctly diagnosed, surgery can be avoided

15. APUD tumor APUD cells: APUD tumors: Amine Precursor Uptake
Decarboxylation
APUD tumors:
Most often found in the intestine or the lungs
Breast APUD tumor is almost always a metastasis from another site

16. Conclusions In 12 cases – initial confusion with breast neoplasm
The existence of rare diseases should not be forgotten when examining a breast lesion
Clinical examination should be correlated with imaging, FNAC and serological tests for better preoperative diagnosis.

17. Thank you for your attention!